ANATO:\[Y OF THE FOWL 



25 



It lies partly behind and partly between the lobes of the liver 

 and consists of a hollow organ. It is somewhat contracted 

 at the sides and stands obliquely in the abdominal cavity. 

 In granniiverons birds tlie walls are very thick, T)eing' made 

 up for the most part of two powerful muscles. The cavity 

 is lined with a very thick stratified epithelium. These heavy 

 horny pads form grinding surfaces. Certain portions of the 

 mucous lining contain mucous glands, which l)y some anato- 

 mists have been regarded as modified pyloric glands of mam- 

 mals. 



The small intestine originates on the same side of the giz- 



FiG. 5. Section Through the Median Line of a Two-Pound Pullet, 

 No. 1, the stump of the first portion of the esophagus; 2, left wall of the crop; 3, 

 second portion of the esophagus located just below the vertebra; 4, the proventriculus 

 lying anterolaterally to the gizzard, superoposterior to the liver and to the left of 

 the spleen; 5, the gizzard; 6, duodenal loop; 7, pancreas; 8, floating portion of the 

 small intestines; 9, ovary; 10, rectum; 11, ceca; 12a, liver; 13, heart. 



zard that the proventriculus enters and al)Out one-half inch 

 distant. 



Small Intestine 



The first portion of the small intestine is called the duode- 

 num, which forms a long loop called the duodenal loop. This 

 loop passes obliquely to the right side and proceeds along the 

 outer right abdominal wall, passing round toward the right 

 side, following along the posterior abdominal wall, where the 

 terminal portion of the loop rests. The remaining portion of 

 the small intestine forms a thick coil supported by a mesen- 



