INTERNAL PARASITES 



97 



solved in wnnn water, hy the month or mix in bran, making 

 a wet mash; follow with two or three teaspoonfnls of turpen- 

 tine. A few teaspoon fuls of a decoetion of punij)kin seeds 

 usually rid the bird of tapeworms. This should be followed 

 by a heaping teaspoonful of Epsom salt or a tablespoonfal of 

 olive oil. Powdered areca nut in 3-grain doses given in dough 

 ball by the mouth or in wet nuish is also effective. Thymol 

 in one-grain doses is said to rid the digestive tract of worms. 

 Mix one tablespoonful of concentrated lye with four quarts 

 of grain, as wheat, oats and corn, and feed to the infested flock. 

 It is better to fast the birds for twelve to eighteen hours. Give 

 water as soon as the grain has been given as it aids in diluting 

 the lye. Repeat the dose in twenty-four and again in forty- 

 eight hours. The lye acts to some extent as a purgative. 



Davainea Tetragona 



This is the parasite that causes nodular tieniasis (nodular 

 tapeworm disease). It has been observed and reported as 

 occurring in some of the eastern states and causing quite a 

 loss to poultrj^ raisers. 



Fig. 43 illustrates the nodules as they are found and about 

 natural in size. This is from a drawing of the outer (serous) 

 surface of an intestine, which 

 presents a nodular appearance 

 that might be mistaken for tu- 

 berculosis. The mucous (in- 

 ner) surface of the intestine is 

 similarly elevated, and pro- 

 truding from the nodule into 

 the intestine may be seen a 

 portion of some of the worm. 

 In later stages these nodules 

 may show ulcerations on the 

 mucous surface. There may be 

 seen in these nodules a green- 

 ish-yellow necrotic material. A 

 secondary invasion, with pus 

 germs, may take place, in 



which case pus will be present. Before the nodules are formed 

 these worms may be seen between the villi. 



The occurrence of this tapeworm in the intestine is similar 

 to the tapeworm described above {Tccnia inf undihuliformis) . 



Treatment. — The treatment should be the same as for the 

 Tccnia infundibuUformis (which see), or mix with the feed 

 one teaspoonful of powdered pomegranate root bark for every 

 fiftv adult birds. 



B 



Fjg. 43. 



(tape- 



Nodular Taeniasis 



WORM DISEAbE). 



A, section of intestine of chicken 

 (natural size); B, nodules (natural 

 size). 



