170 POULTRY DISEASES 



of the trachea and bronchi (neck and anterior part of the 

 thorax) — mucous rales. The bird may be seen to gasp for 

 air by extending the head upward. This is due to an accu- 

 muhUion of mucus in the air passages which partially closes 

 them, thus preventing the bird from getting enough oxygen 

 into its lungs. The affected bird coughs, and there may be 

 dullness and partial loss of appetite. 



The condition may pass off in a few days, may respond to 

 treatment, or may last for several weeks and end in recovery 

 or in death. In the latter case there is marked emaciation; 

 in the former the bird coughs up mucus for a long time, but 

 otherwise appears well. 



Treatment. — A tablespoonful of castor oil, to which 5 to 



10 drops of turpentine have been added may be given, and if 



catarrh be present, treatment should be as outlined unde^ 



roup. Give one-grain doses quinin sulphate three times a 



day. Place the bird in warm, clean, comfortable quarters, 



free from drafts. Give plenty of clean water and soft feed 



(bread or middlings moistened with milk), to which has been 



added 2 grains of black antimony for each bird. Feed twice 



daily. 



There is a bronchitis and tracheitis found among fowls that is 

 apparently contagious. This disease occurs in the same pen each 

 year when young, apparently susceptible birds are placed in such 

 yards. The affected bird manifests a rattling in the throat and 

 trachea, wheezes, coughs, the comb and face appear dark and the 

 bird loses flesh. Laying hens cease to lay and cocks cease to 

 fertilize eggs. The treatment that has given excellent results con- 

 sists of injecting into the trachea some of the menthol and oil 

 mixture mentioned under treatment for roup. To do this one 

 attendant must hold the bird, a second hold the mouth open and 

 the operator forcing the larynx up with one hand drops, with a 

 medicine dropper, some of the above mixture into the trachea. 

 Usually about three or four drops are sufficient. This should be 

 repeated every two or three days if necessary. 



CONGESTION OF THE LUNGS 



This is an engorgement of the ])lood vessels of the lungs. 

 Congestion of the lungs is quite apt to result in pneumonia, 

 of which it may l)e said to be the first stage. It has been 

 observed in young birds and in birds during their molting 

 season, when they are poorly clad with feathers and exposed 

 to inclement weather. 



Young chicks that are allowed to run out in the early morn- 

 ing and become wet with cold dew, and chicks allowed to 

 become wet with the cold spring rains and become chilled, 

 are likely to suffer from congestion oF the lungs and pneu- 

 monia. 



