7IO 



NATURE 



[February 24, 19 16 



craniolo^y have -a world-wide reputation, and the 

 anatomy of the whale formed a favourite subject 

 of research, in which he established a position as 

 a ^reat authority. 



This unceasing: activity in many spheres did 

 not fail to bring- recog^nition from numerous 

 learned bodes as well as from the Crown, He 

 was created a Knight in 1886, and in 1901 a 

 K.C.B. His native town of Lancaster mani- 

 fested the pride felt in his world-wide reputation 

 by placing" a commemorative tablet on the house 

 in which he was born. Honorary degirees were 

 almost showered upon him. He was an Honorary 

 LL.D., D.C.L., D.Sc, and M.D. of one or other 

 of almost every university in Great Britain and 

 Ireland, and an honorary member of many aca- 

 demies and learned societies throug^hout the 

 civilised world. It may be added that he was 

 Honorary Lieutenant-Colonel of the Queen's 

 Royal Volunteer Brig-ade, in the University Com- 

 pany, of which he was an orig-inal member at the 

 beg-inning^ of the volunteer movement in the early 

 sixties of last century. 



Sheer ability and force of character were the 

 weapons by which Turner carved his way to a 

 distinction probably without parallel among- his 

 scientific and academic contemporaries. His 

 strong: personality g-ained for him success in the 

 contests which could not be avoided in many of 

 the interests and schemes he soug-ht to advance. 

 His honesty of purpose and soundness of judg- 

 ment were always apparent, and much opposition 

 was conciliated by his courtesy. 



To many he was a dearly loved friend, whose 

 constancy could always be relied upon. Orig-in- 

 ating-, it may be, in the circumstance that both 

 were Ang-lo-Scots, but probably even more be- 

 cause of the similar lines of biolog-ical research 

 which early engfrossed their thoug^hts, he formed 

 a lifelong- and very close friendship with Lister. 

 The death of Lord Lister threw a lig-ht upon 

 Turner's character and disposition by evoking- 

 outward manifestations of such suffering: ^^id 

 pained emotion as even his intimate friends could 

 not have anticipated. 



How g-eneral was the affection and respect and 

 admiration with which he was regarded was mani- 

 fested in the ceremony which marked the closing- 

 of his career. A remarkably representative 

 g-athering- assembled for the service in St. John's 

 Church, preceding- the interment in the Dean 

 Cemetery, where many of his academic predeces- 

 sors have their last resting- place. It included the 

 Lord Provost and Town Council of Edinburgh ; 

 the University Court, Senatus and Students' 

 Union and Representative Council ; the vice- 

 chancellors and professors of the three other Scot- 

 tish universities ; representatives of the Universi- 

 ties of Oxford and London, of the Royal Societies 

 of London and Edinburgh, of the Royal Scottish 

 Academy and Geographical Society, of the Royal 

 Infirmary, and of many other public bodies and 

 institutions ; while, also. Lord Kitchener, rector 

 of the university, was represented by the Com- 

 mander-! n-Chief-in-Scotland. 

 NO. 2417, VOL. 96] 



NOTES, 



In order to clear up any misunderstanding that ma\ 

 arise in consequence of recent legislation concernini^ 

 reserved occupations, the Royal Society desires to 

 point out tliat an unmarried chemist of military afji- 

 entitled to exemption as an "analytical consulting or 

 research chemist" should, unless he has been attested 

 before March 2, lodge a claim for exemption with tin 

 local tribunal before that date. Men who have been 

 attested should lodge their claims for exemption with 

 the recruiting ofificer or local tribunal when called up 

 for enlistment; and if such claims be not admitted, 

 a communication stating all material facts in favour 

 of the disputed claim should be addressed at once to 

 the secretaries of the Royal Society, Burlington House, 

 London. 



We learn with regret that Dr. P. Chappuis, the 

 distinguished authority on gas thermometry, died at 

 Basle on February 15. 



Mr. F. J. Cheshire, of the optical branch of the 

 Ministry of Munitions, has been elected president of 

 the Optical Society, in succession to Dr. W. Ettles. 



The death is anounced, in his sixty-ninth year, of 

 Dr. R. Ci. Alexander, consulting physician to the Royal 

 Infirmary of Bradford and Halifax. Dr. Alexander 

 was a pioneer in the advocacy of open-air treatment 

 of phthisis and other complaints. He was the author 

 of " Phthisis : its Prevention and Treatment," and of 

 'The Art of Prolonging Life." 



We regret to note from the Engineer for February 18 

 the death, on February 13, of Mr. T. de Courcy Meade, 

 the city surveyor of Manchester. Mr. Meade had held 

 his post in Manchester since 1894; ^'^^ most important 

 work was concerned with the development of the 

 new drainage scheme. He also rendered useful ser- 

 vice in connection with the city's town-planning 

 schemes and the reform of slum areas. He was a 

 member of the Institutions of Civil and Mechanical 

 Engineers, and also of several other engineering 

 societies. An account of his work in Manchester is 

 given in a paper which he read in 19 14 before the 

 Institution of Municipal and County Engineers. 



LiEUT.-CoL. Stanley Boyd, senior surgeon to Char- 

 ing Cross Hospital, passed away on February i, after 

 a short illness. He was educated at University Col- 

 lege Hospital, and was appointed assistant-surgeon to 

 Charing Cross Hospital in 1882, and was lecturer in 

 anatomy in the school from 1888 to 1897. He was a 

 sound teacher and a brilliant operator, and was par- 

 ticularly interested in the operative treatment of malig- 

 nant disease. Stanley Boyd was a keen advocate of 

 the claims of women to be educated for the medical 

 profession, and much of the success of the Women's 

 School was due to him. He held strong views on the 

 university question in London, and was one of those 

 who advocated the concentration of medical teaching 

 in a few centres. At the time of his death he wa-, 

 chairman of the Board of Advanced Medical Studies 

 of the University. 



