726 



NATURE 



[February 24, 1916 



three-fourths of the wav toward the female has been 

 obtained..— Raymond Pearl and S. W. Patterson : The 

 degree of inbreeding which exists in American Jersey 

 cattle. American Jersey cattle are about one-half as 

 intensely inbred when eight generations are taken into 

 account as would be the case if continued brother x 

 sister breeding had been followed. In general, register 

 of merit animals are less intensely inbred than the 

 ordinary population. — G. A. Miller : Upper limit of the 

 degree of transitivity of a substitution group. The 

 degree of transitivity of a substitution group of degree 

 n which does not include the alternating group of 

 this degree is always less than 5/2\/n— i.— F. D. 

 Adams and W. J. Dick : The extension of the Montana 

 phosphate deposits northward into Canada. An 

 account of the explorations carried out to ascertain 

 whether phosphate-bearing rocks extend northward 

 from Utah, Idaho, and Montana into Canada. In 

 some places .such an extension has been found. 



BOOKS RECEIVED. 



Royal i'-ouinic (iardcns, Kew. Bulletin of Miscel- 

 laneous Information. Additional Series ix. The Use- 

 ful Plants of Nigeria. Part iii. Pp. 343-536. (Lon- 

 don : H.M.S.O. ; Wyman and Sons, Ltd.) 35. 6rf. 



The Investigation of Rivers. Bv Dr. A. Strahan, 

 N. F. MacKenzie, Dr. H. R. Mill, and Dr. J. S. 

 Owens. Final Report. Pp. 93. (London : Royal 

 Geographical Society.) 3s. 6d. net. 



The Universe and the Atom. By M. Erwin. Pp. 

 314. (London : Constable and Co., Ltd.) S.v. 6^. 

 net. 



Madras Government Museum. The Foote Collec- 

 tion of Indian Prehistoric and Protoliistoric Antiqui- 

 ties. Catalogue Raisonne. By R. B. Foote. Pp. 

 vii + 262. (Madras: Government Press.) 3s. 



Madras Government Museum. Catalogue of the 

 Prehistoric Antiquities from Adichanaltur and Penum- 

 bair. By A. Rea. Pp. xiii + 49 + plates xiii. (Madras: 

 Government Press.) 25. 3^. 



Hopwood's Living Pictures. By R. B. Foster. New 

 edition. Pp. x + 377. (London : The Hatton Press, 

 Ltd.) 6s. net. 



Memoirs of the Geological Survey. Special Reports 

 on the Mineral Resources of Great Britain. Vol. i., 

 Tungsten and Manganese Ores. By H. Dewey and 

 C. E. N. Bromchead. Pp. iv4-59. Vol. ii., Barytes 

 and Witherite. By R. G. Carruthers and others. Pp. 

 ivr-l-93. Vol. iii.. Gypsum and Anhydrite, and Celes- 

 tini' and Strontianite. Bv Dr. R. L. Sherlock and 

 B. Smith. Pp. 57. (London: H.M.S.O.; E. Stan- 

 ford, Ltd.) i.s\, IS. 6d., and i.v. respectively. 



OlARV OP SOCIETIES. 



THURSnAV February 24. 



Royal Society, at 4.30.— Mathenntical Gontributions to the Theory of 

 Evolution XIX. Second Supplement to a Memoir on Skew Variation : 

 Prof. Karl Pearson. — The Rela'iv* Combining Volumes ot Hydrogen 

 and Oxygen: F. P. Ru.tand E. C. Edgar.— Speed Effect and Recoverv 

 in Slow-speed A'ternnting Stress Tests : W. Mason. - I'he Ignition of 

 Gases by Impulsive Electrical Di^c'a ge : W. M. Thornton. 



Royal Institution, at 3.— The Milky Way and Mag. Ilanic Clouds : Sir 

 F. W. Dyson. 



Child Study Society, at 6.— Psychological Problems arising out of the 

 War C. Burt. 



Institution of Mining and Metallurgy, at 5.30.— The Con-'Ionierates 

 of the Witwa ersranH : E. T. Mellor.— A Pioneer Bucket Dredge in 

 Northern Nigeria: H. F,. Nicholls.— Antimony Production in Hunan 

 Province, South China : A. S. Wheler. 



FRIDA V, February 25. 

 Royal Institution, at 5.30.— The Commerce of Thought: Sir A. Quiller 

 Couch. 



SATl/RPy^r. Febrvarv 26. 

 Essex Field Club (at the Essex Museum, Stratford), at 3.— Grasses : 

 J. Groves. 



TUESDAY, February 29. 



Royal Institution, at 3.— The Plant and the Soil— Nature's Cycle: 



Dr. E. J. Russell. ^ 



WEDNESDAY, March i. 



Entomological Society, at 8.— Specific and Mimetic Relationships in 

 the Genus Heliconius, L. : Dr. Harry Eltringham. 



Society of Public Analy.sts, at 8. — The 'Manufacture of, English 

 Chemical Filter Paper : K. J. Bevan and W. Bacon.— Pink Colour on 

 the Surlate nl Margarine : A. W. Knapp. — A Rapid Method for the 

 Estimation of Fat in Powders: S. B. Phillips.— A New Colour Reactioik 

 for Aloes: C. E. Stacy. 



Institution of Electrical Engineers (Students' Section), at 7.45. — 

 Suggested Applications of Science to Warfare : K. E. Dickinson. 



THURSDAY, March 2. 



Royal Society, at ^.-yi.— Probable Papers: The Antiseptic Action of 

 Substances of the Chloramine Group: J. B. Cohen. H. D. Dakin, 

 M. Daufresne and J. Kenyon. — The Structure of the Dicynodont 

 Skull: I. J. B Sollas and Prof. W. |. Sol1a<.-Analyses of Agricultural 

 Yield. Part 11 '. The Influence of Natural Environmental Factors upon 

 the yield ot Egyptian Cotton : W. L. Balls. — The Function of Chloiophyll, 

 Carotin and Xanthophyll : A. J.Ewart. 



RoVAi Institution, at 3. — Recent Excavations in Mesopotomia — The 

 Northern Capitals, Nineveh and Asshur : Prof, L. W. King. 



Child Study Society, at 6. — The Danish Child at .School : A. E.Hayes. 



Linnban Society at 5. — Lxhibit oi Giardia(La»iblia) iiitestinalis iiom 

 casts of Diairhoea in Soldiers, the Inleciions being tomracted in Flan- 

 ders: Dr Annie Porter. — Larval and Post-Larval Stages oi^ Jasiis 

 lalaniiii : Dr. J. D. F. Gilchrist.— The August Helcoplankton of some 

 Nonh Worcestershire Pools: B.Millard Griffiths.— The Distribution of 

 the Dox-tree, Buxiis seinpervirens : Dr. Otto Siapf. 



FRIDAY, March 3. 

 Royal Institution, at 5.30.— Corona and other Forms of Electric Dis- 

 charge : Prof S. P. Thompson. 

 Geologists' Association, at 7.30 

 I Illing. 



I CONTENTS. PAGh 



I The Oxford Aristotle. By E. H. Strange 699 



I Mechanics and Engineering Technology. By 



I A. J. M 700 



Metamoiphic Geology 701 



Our Bookshelf . 702 



Letters to the Editor:— 



Scottish "Elephant" Designs. — Ludovic MacLellan 



Mann; Prof. G. Elliot Smith, F.R.S. . . 703 

 The Remarkable Warmth of Janviaiy, 1916 — Chas. 



H-<rding . 705 



Lipoids and Vitamines in Margarine- and Butter. — 



J. de kuiier . 704 



Science Scholarships —Sidney Skinner . . 704 



Science in the Civd Service.— T. Ll. Humberstone 705 

 The Place of Science in Education. — D. Hill . . 705 



Latin as a Universal Language — Dr. W. H. D. 



Rouse 705 



Submarines. {Illustrated.) Bv Prof. C. V. Boys, 

 F.R.S 



-The Oil-fitrlds of Trinidad : V. C. 



706 



The Caliph's Last Heritage. {lUnstrated.) .... 707 



French Views of the Synthetic Dye Problem . . 708 



Sir William Turner, K.C.B., F.R. a. 709 



Notes .710 



Out Astronomical Column :— 



Peirine's Comet (1896 VIL) 715 



Comparison of Pendulums 7^5 



The Variation of Latitude 715 



Dinosaurs. {Illustrated.) ... 716 



Ventilation of Soils 716 



Lace-Wing Flies 717 



The Pos.iiion of Science: Memorial from the 



Imperial College 7'7 



Science and Government 7I7 



Polarised Light and its Applications to Engineer- 

 ing. {Illustrated.) By Prof. E. G. Coker 718 



University and Educational Intelligence 723 



Societies and Academies 7^4 



Books Keceived 726 



Diary of Socieiies 726 



Editorial and Publishing Offices: 



MACMILLAN & CO., Ltd., 



ST. MARTIN'S STREET, LONDON, W.C. 



Advertisements and business letters to be addressed to the 

 Publishers 



10. 2417, VOL. 96] 



Editorial Communications to the Editor. 

 Telegraphic Address: Phusis, London. 

 Telephone Number : O^rrarp 8830. 



