l62 



NATURE 



[October 8, 1914 



dustrial developments which have given us basic slag 

 and potash salts, the knowledge of the fertility that 

 can be gained by the growth of leguminous plants. 

 From beginning to end the process of reclamation 

 of moor and heath, as we see it in progress in north- 

 western Europe, is stamped as the product of science 

 and investigation. 



UNIVERSITY AND EDUCATIONAL 

 INTELLIGENCE. 



Cambridge. — Mr, J. T. Saunders, of Christ's Col- 

 lege, has been appointed demonstrator in animal 

 morphology, and Mr. J. Gray, of King's College, has 

 been appointed demonstrator in comparative anatomy. 

 Mr. Saunders has received a commission in the Army, 

 but his post will be kept open for him until the end 

 of the war. Mr. J. R. Menon, intercollegiate student, 

 has been nominated to use the University table at the 

 Zoological Station at Naples. 



The following forms part of the address of the Vice- 

 Chancellor of the University, Dr. M. R. James, pro- 

 vost of King's College, on his re-election at the 

 beginning of this month : — 



"The remembrance of what has been brilliant or 

 sorrowful in the three terms has paled, for the time 

 at least, before the events of the Long Vacation. The 

 University meets in such circumstances as it has 

 never known. We shall be few in number, and per- 

 petually under the strain of a great anxiety. We may 

 be exposed to actual peril : in any case, we must look 

 forward to straitened resources and, what is more, 

 personal sorrows. Yet there is no doubt that we are 

 bound to carry on our work; for by it we can render 

 definite service to the nation. Our part, while we 

 encourage all of our students who are capable of doing 

 so to serve their country, and while we surrender to 

 that service many valued teachers, is to prepare more 

 men — especially in our medical schools — for rendering 

 active help, and to keep alive that fire of * education, 

 religion, learning, and research ' which will in God's 

 good time outburn the flame of war. Let us devote 

 ourselves to making useful men of the new genera- 

 tion. Let us confine our own controversies within 

 the narrowest limits, and be ready if necessary to 

 postpone them altogether. Let our advanced work — 

 however irrelevant it may seem to the needs of the 

 moment — be unremittingly and faithfully pursued. 



" I have spoken of the trials which we are bound to 

 anticipate as a consequence of the war. Let me add 

 that we shall be the better able to bear them, not only 

 because we know that our cause is just, but because 

 we know that the University has contributed a worthy 

 share of its sons to champion that cause. Nearly 

 2000 applications for commissions from our younger 

 graduates and our undergraduates have passed 

 through the hands of the indefatigable committee of 

 the Board of Military Studies ; and this number does 

 not include the very large contingent who have applied 

 through other bodies, those who already held commis- 

 sions at the outbreak of war, those who have enlisted 

 in the ranks of various branches of the service, or 

 those who are giving their help in tending the sick 

 and wounded without enlisting. It is not at this 

 moment possible to compile accurate lists of all who 

 have responded to the great call. I hope, however, 

 that each college will set itself to secure information 

 as to its own members, with a view to the ultimate 

 publication of the roll of honour of the Universitv. 



" It is our plain duty to secure that those who have 

 interrupted their University career for the sake of 

 their country shall suffer the least possible amount of 

 disadvantage thereby. Some measures have already 



KO. 2345, VOL. 94] 



been taken with this object, and others will be neces- 

 sary. 



" I shall have, further, to ask for your co-operation in 

 an effort which is being made to enable some of those 

 Belgian students who in the course of their gallant 

 resistance have been deprived of their whole academic 

 equipment, to continue, in our midst, and with the 

 help of our libraries and teaching apparatus, the life 

 of their universities. This is an object which, I am 

 confident, the Senate will feel honoured in support- 

 ing-" 



The next combined examination for fifty-three en- 

 trance scholarships and a large number of exhibitions, 

 at Pembroke, Gonville and Caius, Jesus, Christ's, 

 St. John's, and Emmanuel Colleges, will be 

 held on Tuesday, December i, and follow- 

 ing days. Mathematics, classics, natural sciences, 

 and history will be the subjects of examina- 

 tion at all the above-mentioned colleges. A candidate 

 for a scholarship or exhibition at any of the six 

 colleges must not be more than nineteen years of age 

 on October i, 19 14. Forms of application for admis- 

 sion to the examination at the respective colleges may 

 be obtained from the masters of the several colleges. 



Mr. H. Patterson, University of Leeds, has been 

 appointed part-time lecturer in physical chemistry at 

 Battersea Polj'technic. 



It is stated in Science that the medical school of 

 Western Reserve University receives by the will of 

 Mr. Liberty E. Holden a bequest said to be nearly 

 200,000/. The fund is to be known as the Albert Fair- 

 child Holden Foundation, in memory of Mr. Holden 's 

 son. 



The Earl of Rosebery has made a donation of 1200/. 

 to the IvOndon School of Economics and Political 

 Science for the endowment of a prize to be awarded 

 annually in the department of railway transport at 

 that school of the University of London. 



The Rural Education Conference, which was con- 

 stituted by the Board of Agriculture and Fisheries 

 and the Board of Education in June, 19 10, was ap- 

 pointed for a term of three years. This period having 

 expired, the conference has been reconstituted by the 

 Board of Agriculture and Fisheries under the name 

 of the Agricultural Education Conference. The duty 

 of the conference will be to discuss, and to advise, the 

 Board upon, all questions connected with agricultural 

 education which fall within the province of the Board 

 of Agriculture and Fisheries, and specific questions 

 will, from time to time, be referred by the Board to 

 the conference for consideration. In addition, any 

 member may suggest for discussion questions other 

 than those formally referred to the conference. The 

 Lord Barnard has been appointed chairman of the 

 conference, and Mr. H. L. French (Board of Agricul- 

 ture and Fisheries, Whitehall Place, S.W.) will act 

 as its secretary. 



Detailed information as to the work of the 

 numerous departments among which the varied activi- 

 ties of the University of Leeds are shared is contained 

 in the calendar for 1914-15. In common with other 

 modern universities, Leeds University includes a 

 faculty of technology, and among its staff are to be 

 found professors of engineering, mining, textile in- 

 dustries, tinctorial chemistry, and dyeing, leather in- 

 dustries, coal gas and fuel industries, and agriculture. 

 Students may graduate in applied science as well as 

 in pure science. The University, which is situated in 

 the heart of a mining district possessing some of the 

 deepest and best equipped of modern English collieries, 

 enjoys the cordial support of the owners and managers 

 of mines, who give the department every facility for 



