;86 



NATURE 



[December 3, 1914 



(New York ; J. Wiley and Sons, Inc. ; London : Chap- 

 man and Hall, Ltd.) 55. 6d, net. 



Outlines of Organic Chemistry. By Prof. F. J. 

 Moore. Second edition. Pp. xi + 325. (New York: 

 J. Wiley and Sons, Inc. ; London : Chapman and 

 Hall, Ltd.) 6s. 6d. net. 



Pattern-Making. By F. W. Turner and D. G. 

 Town. Pp. V+114. (New York: J. Wiley and Sons, 

 Inc. ; London : Chapman and Hall, Ltd.) 4s."6d. net. 



Above the Battlefield. By R. RoUand. Pp. 17. 

 (Cambridge : Bowes and Bowes.) 6d. net. 



Germany's War-Inspirers, Nietzsche and Treitschke. 

 By Canon' E. McCJure. Pp.44. (London : S.P.C.K.) 

 4(1. net. 



The Germ-Cell Cycle in Animals. By Dr. A. W. 

 Hegner. Pp. X4-346. (London : Macmillan and Co., 

 Ltd.) 75. 6d. net. 



Geometry of Four Dimensions. By Prof. H. P. 

 Manning. Pp. ix + 348. (London : Macmillan and 

 Co., Ltd.) 8s. 6d. net. 



A Foundational Study in the Pedagogy of Arith- 

 metic. By Dr. H. B. Howell. Pp. xi + 328. (Lon- 

 don : Macmillan and Co., Ltd.) 5s. 6d. net. 



Department of Commerce. Technologic Papers of 

 the Bureau of Standards. Nos. 30 to 35. Washing- 

 ton : Government Printing Office.) 



Department of Commerce. Scientific Papers of the 

 Bureau of Standards. Nos. 217, 219 to 222. (Wash- 

 ington : Government Printing Office.) 



Department of Commerce. Bulletin of the Bureau 

 of Standards. Vol. x. Nos. 2 and 3. (Washington : 

 Government Printing Office.) 



Department of Commerce. Circular of the Bureau 

 of Standards. Nos. 16 and 44. (Washington : 

 Government Printing Office.) 



Report of the Commissioner of Education for the 

 Year ended June 30, 1913. Vol. i. Pp. liv + 931. 

 Vol. ii. Pp. vi + 700. (Washington : Government 

 Printing Office.) 



Department of Commerce. U.S. Coast and Geo- 

 detic Survey. Results of Observations made at the 

 U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Magnetic Observa- 

 tory at Vieques, Porto Rico, 191 1 and 1912. Pp. 102. 

 (Washington : Government Printing Office.) 



Department of Commerce. U.S. Coast and Geo- 

 detic Survey. Terrestrial Magnetism. Results of 

 Magnetic Observations made by the U.S. Coast and 

 Geodetic Survey in 1913. Pp. 52. (Washington : 

 Government Printing Office.) 



State of Connecticut. Public Document. No. 24. 

 Thlrt\'-seventh Annual Report of the Connecticut 

 Agricultural Experiment Station. Being the Annual 

 Report for the Year ending' October 31, 1913. Pp. 

 xviii + 441. (Hartford, Conn.) 



Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of 

 Philadelphia. Vol. Ixvi. Part 2. Pp. 227-555. 

 (Philadelphia.) 



Connecticut Geological and Natural History Survey. 

 Vol. iv. Bulletins 16 to 21, 1910-13. (Hartford, 

 Conn. : State Geological and Natural History Survey.) 



DIARY OF SOCIETIES. 



THURSDAY, December 3. 

 RoYAi, Society, at 4.30. — The Therraophone : A New Form of Telephone : 



M. de I.ange. — Hermann's Phenomenon : G. S. Walpole. 

 Chtld Study Society, at 7.30. — Self Expression through Language with 



Older Children : Margaret Corner. 

 LiNNEAN Society, at 8. — An Ecological Journey in South America, 



Illustrated by Lantern Slides : R. C. McLean. — Isoetes japonica, A. Br. : 



C. West and H. Takeda. 



FRIDAY, December 4. 



Geologists' Association, at 8. — The Fossil Flora of the Pettycur Lime- 

 stone : Dr. W. T. Gordon. 



Institution of Mechanical Engineers, at 8. — Thomas Hawksley 

 Lecture : Pumping and other Machinery for Waterworks and Drainage : 

 (by the late Mr. W. B. Bryan) read by B. W. Bryan. 



MONDAY, December 7. 

 Society of Engineers, at 7.30. — Mechanical Appliances for the Painless 



Killing of Animals: S. M. Dodington. 

 Society of Chemical Industry, at 8, 

 Royal Geographical Society, at 8.30. — Types of Political Frontiers in 



Europe: Prof. L. W. Lyde. 

 Royal Society of Arts, at 8. — The History and Practice of the Art ot 



Printing : R. A. Peddie. 



WEDNESDA Y, December 9. 

 Royal Society of Arts, at 8. — Domestic Metal Work of the i8th Century : 



W. A. Young. 



THURSDAY, December 10. 

 Royal Society, at 4.30. — Probable Papers: The Electrical Conductivity 



of Echinoderm Eggs, and its Bearing on the Problems of Fertilisation and 



Artihcial Parthenogenesis : J. Gray. — The Endemic Flora of Ceylon with 



Reference to Geographical Distribution and Evolution in General ; Dr. 



J. C. Willis. 

 Mathematical Society, at 5.30. — Simultaneous Equations, Linear or 



Functional : E. H. Neville.— Integrals and Derivatives, with respect to a 



Function : W. H. Young. 

 Institution of Electrical Engineers, at 8. — Automatic Protective 



Switchgear for Alternating Current Systems: E. B. Wedmore. 



FRIDAY, December ii. 



Royal Astronomical Society, at 5. 



Malacological Society, at 8. —The Geographical Distribution ol Purpura 

 lapillus CL.) : Rev. A. H. Cooke. — 1 he Non-Marine MoUusca of a Post- 

 Pliocene Deposit at Apethorpe, Northants : A. S. Kennard and B. B. 

 Woodward.— Monstrosities of Cyprsea : L. St. G. Byne.— Monstrosities 

 in Littorina rudis : J. E. Cooper. 



CONTENTS. PAGE 



Dante's Astronomy. By J. L. E. D. 359 



Foundations of Systematic Biology. By F. A. B. 36 

 Science, Metaphysics, and Education. By A. E. 



Crawley ■ 360; 



Our Bookshelf 3(>^ 



Letters to the Editor :— 



The Age of a Herring.— Prof. D'Arcy W. Thomp- 

 son, C.B • 363 



The Cross x as a Symbol for Multiplication.— Prof. 



Florian Cajori • • 3^3 



Antarctic Adventure. (Illustrated.) By R. N. R. B. 364 



Secret Remedies 3^5 



Organisation of Science. By Sir Ronald Ross, 



K.C.B., F.R.S 366 



Anniversary Meeting of the Royal Society .... 367 



Notes 369 



Our Astronomical Column :— 



Comet News _ • 373 



A Central Bureau for Transmission of Astronomical 



News ...... 373 



The Recent Eclipse Expedition from Meudon .... 373 



Spectra of Novje at a Very Late Stage 373 



The Antwerp "Gazette Astronomique " 373 



The Hardening of Metals. By Prof. H. C. H. 



Carpenter 374 



Air, Climate, and Tuberculosis 374 



The British Association in Tasmania. By A. D. . 376 

 Australia and the British Association. By Sir 



Edward Schafer, F.R.S 376 



University and Educational Intelligence 382 



Societies and Academies 3^2 



Books Received 3°5 



Diary of Societies 3^6 



Editorial and Publishing Offices: 



MACMILLAN & CO., Ltd., 



ST. MARTIN'S STREET, LONDON, W.C. 



Advertisements and business letters to be addressed to the 



Publishers. 



Editorial Communications to the Editor. 



Telegraphic Address: Phusis, London. 

 Telephone Number : Gerrard 8830. 



NO. 2353, VOL. 94] 



