42 AN AMERICAN FARMER IN ENGLAND. 



many, far apart, have the same with different prefixes, as Great 

 and Little, North and South, etc. We are in " Great Cross Hall 

 street;" after a slight turn it is called " Tythe Barn street ;" and 

 further on Chapel street. Tythe Barn, I understand, is derived 

 from the name of the building in which the tithes were deposited 

 when they were taken in kind a tenth of the hay, wheat, poul- 

 try, etc. There is a steep ascent near us called " Shaw's Brow;" 

 it is fitted with smooth stone tracks for cart-wheels, with narrow 

 stones between them set on end for the horses' feet double teams 

 here generally going tandem. The best streets are paved only 

 one-quarter the distance across them, the intermediate space 

 being macadamized. This makes a very pleasant road. There 

 is generally a wide side-walk, which is flagged as in our cities ; 

 but in the commercial streets it is oftener paved like the carriage 

 way, and in the narrowest, there is none at all. The streets are 

 veiy clean, and all the side-walks, gutters, and untraveled spaces, 

 appear to be swept every day. 



I have been through two markets. One of them is an im- 

 mensely large building, covering about two acres, right in the 

 center of the town ; it is clean, light, and well ventilated. What 

 a wonder it is that the people of New York will put up with 

 such miserable, filthy, crowded hovels as their markets are ! In 

 this building there are over five hundred stalls and tables. It 

 has its own superintendent of weights and measures, and a thor- 

 ough and constant police. There are twelve men whose employ- 

 ment is to keep it clean. The garbage is passed readily through 

 traps into vaults below, from which it is removed at night. The 

 rules for those who use it, are excellent to secure healthy condi- 

 tion of food, neatness, order, and fair play, and they are strictly 

 enforced. To my mind, this structure and the arrangements 

 connected with it are an honor to Liverpool, not second to her 

 docks. And she has three other large public markets, besides 



