THE BIOLOGY OF MICROBES, ETC. 165 



Bacillus of Swine Erysipelas. This bacillus has 

 been obtained from the blood of pigs which have 

 died of the disease. It measures 1*1 //, x 0*2 p. 

 In test-tube cultivations it produces a cloudy growth 

 in the track of the needle. It is fatal to mice, 

 pigeons, and rabbits, as well as pigs. 



Bacillus of Ulcerative Stomatitis in the Calf. 

 Drs. A. Lingard and E. Batt 1 discovered certain 

 bacilli in ulcerations on the tongue and mucous 

 membrane of the mouth of calves (Fig. 33, 13). 

 They measure 4 to 8 p, x 1 /i, and occur singly and 

 as leptothrix forms, the filaments of which are 

 either straight or more or less curved. They con- 

 tain spores ; and when injected into a mouse or 

 rabbit they produce a fatal result. These bacilli 

 are best stained by immersion in a mixture of 

 methylene blue and magenta. 



Bacillus of Swine Plague. This microbe 2 measures 

 2 to 3 //, in length, and produces spores. It was 

 observed in the organs of pigs which had died of 

 swine fever, or swine plague. It is readily culti- 

 vated in broth and hydrocele fluid at temperatures 

 ranging between 30 and 42 C. A drop of either 

 of these cultures inoculated into pigs, rabbits, and 

 mice produce the disease, with multiplication of 

 the bacilli ; and ' the animals die with a character- 

 istic swelling to the spleen, coagulative necrosis of 

 tracts of the liver tissue, and inflammation of the 

 lungs.' Pigs inoculated with artificial cultures of 

 the microbe are protected against a fatal attack. 



1 Lancet, 1883. 



2 See Klein's Micro -Organisms and Disease, pp. 131-136. 



