172 A MANUAL OF BACTERIOLOGY 



Spirillum Obermeieri. This microbe is the cause 

 of relapsing fever, and was first discovered by Ober- 

 meier 1 in the blood of patients suffering from the 

 disease. Carter 2 reproduced the disease in monkeys, 

 in whose blood and organs the spirilla were found 

 in great numbers. This microbe (16 to 40 p long), 

 which is motile, exhibits spiral forms, and, according 

 to Albrecht, 3 produces spores. 8. Olermeieri (Fig. 

 33, 7) has been artificially cultivated by Koch. 4 

 The microbe only occurs during the relapses, and is 

 absent during the non-febrile intervals. 



Spirillum tenue. This spirillum measures from 

 4 to 15 ^ in length, and about 2'25 p in breadth. 

 It usually occurs in various infusions, in which it 

 moves about with great rapidity. It occurs in 

 swarms or united in a zoogloea. 



Spirillum undula. It measures from 8 to 1 2 yu- 

 in length, and from 1-1 to 1*4 //, in breadth (Fig. 33, 

 5). There is a flagellum at each end, and the 

 microbe is actively motile ; although at times it 

 forms a zoogloea. It occurs in bog- water and various 

 infusions. 



Spirillum wlutans. This microbe occurs in marsh 

 water and various infusions. It measures from 20 

 to 30 fj, in length, and 1-5 to 2 /*, in breadth (Fig. 

 33, 6). The protoplasm contains a number of 

 dark granules, and there is a flagellum at each end. 



Spirillum sanguineum. This was observed by 



1 Centralblattfur Med. Wissensch., 1873. 



2 Lancet, vol. i. p. 84, and p. 662. 



3 St. Petersb. Med. Woch., 1879. 



4 Deutsche Med. Woch., vol. xix. 



