INFECTIOUS DISEASES AND MICROBES, ETC. 211 



its inflammatory eruptions scarcely cause itching, 

 are features of diagnostic interest.' 



The Bacillus of syphilis was discovered by Dr. S. 

 Lustgarten 1 in the nucleated cells of various syphi- 

 litic products, e.g. ' in the discharge of the primary 

 lesion and in hereditary affections of tertiary 

 gummata.' He never found the microbe free 

 between the tissue elements, but always enclosed 

 in cells. Nevertheless, it may be stated that Eve 

 and Lingard 2 isolated a bacillus from the blood, as 

 well as from the diseased tissues in syphilis, which 

 they cultivated in artificial media. 



Lustgarten's bacillus measures from 3 to 4 //, long 

 and 0.8 //, wide (Fig. 33, 21); it has a swelling at 

 each end. It is believed that this microbe produces 

 spores, and, according to Lustgarten, it is the virus 

 of syphilis. Doutrelepont, De Giacorni, and Schlitz 

 have confirmed Lustgarten's observations. 



TETANUS. 



Tetanus or lockjaw is an infectious disease caused 

 by the Bacillus of tetanus, which inhabits certain 

 soils; for it was proved by Nicolaier 3 that soil 

 obtained from streets and fields, 4 when inoculated 

 into mice, rabbits, and guinea-pigs, gave rise to the 

 characteristic symptoms of tetanus. The microbe 

 of this disease forms spores. ' These spores gaining 



1 Med. Jahrbucher der K. K. Gesellsch. d. Aerzte (Vienna), 1885. 



2 Lancet, 1886, p. 680. 



3 Dissertation (Gottingen), 1885. 



4 Soils obtained from cultivated gardens and from woods do 

 not give rise to tetanus. 



