INFECTIOUS DISEASES AND MICROBES, ETC. 235 



microbe has been found in the blood and pus of the 

 ulcers. According to Loftier, glanders is essentially 

 a disease of hot countries, ' where the comparatively 

 high temperature appears to be extremely favour- 

 able to the development of the bacillus outside the 

 body, especially in such materials as fodder, manure, 

 and stable refuse generally. We have interesting 

 evidence of this in statistics collected by Krabbe, 

 who gives the following proportion of horses affected 

 with glanders per annum per 100,000 horses in the 

 following countries : Norway, 6 ; Denmark, 8'5 ; 

 Great Britain, 14; Sweden, 57; Wurtemburg, 77; 

 Russia, 78; Servia, 95; Belgium, 138; the French 

 Army, 1130; and the Algerian Army, 1548.' 



B. mallei measures from 2*5 to 5 p long, and 

 about one-fifth of its own length broad. It grows 

 on blood serum (at 38 C.), sterilised potatoes (at 

 37 C.), in neutral solutions of extract of beef (at 

 37 C.), and in various vegetable infusions. Horses, 

 asses, cats, rabbits, mice, and guinea-pigs, inoculated 

 with a few drops of a pure cultivation of this 

 microbe, have died with the characteristic lesions of 

 glanders (glanderous ulcers and modules in the 

 internal organs, and on the nasal septum). 



Stables, in which glanders has occurred, should 

 be thoroughly washed out with a 2-per cent, solu- 

 tion of carbolic acid or some other equally powerful 

 disinfectant. 



DIPHTHERIA. 



Diphtheria is an extremely infectious disease 

 which attacks man and certain animals. 



