CONSTRUCTION 



135 



It is made in different sizes, to correspond more 

 or less closely to the size of tile to be laid. 



The tile hook is used to lift and properly set the 

 tile in place, and is used chiefly when the operator 

 works from the surface of the ground. It consists 

 of a long wooden handle, carrying a rectangular 

 hook of J-inch round iron 10 inches long. (Fig. 

 52.) 



It is desirable also to have a common spade, a 

 common long handle shovel, 

 and sometimes a pick, especially 

 when a heavy clay subsoil or 

 stone is likely to be encountered. 



It will be necessary also to 

 have a few hundred feet of 

 strong light cord, a few light 

 sharp stakes 2 feet in length, 

 and material to be used in set- 

 ting grade bars. 



176. Horse and power 

 machines. There are a num- 

 ber of horse and power machines 

 now on the market that may 

 sometimes be used to advantage FIG. 51 Ditching tools, a, a, 



. and b, ditching spades ; c, 



in tarm drainage. On these, tile scoop, or drain cleaner. 



Fippin writes : 



" The use of horse and machine powers reduces the 

 difficulty of construction somewhat. If the land is very 

 stony or full of roots, hand labor must be employed, per- 



FIG. 52. Tile hook. 



