DRAINAGE INDICATIONS 193 



tiling required will depend on the size of the area. If it 

 were found that but one spring existed in the tract, an 

 arrangement like that shown in Fig. 86 would remove 

 the water. If there were several springs, a line or a 

 system of tile might be required, depending upon the 

 relative location of the springs and the nature of soil of 

 the area and its size. If the condition were like that 

 shown in Fig. 84, a single line of tile, laid at proper depth, 

 and along the base of the slope (under a), and at right 

 angles to it would intercept and carry off the water. 



^tfC^::^ 



FIG. 86. To show how the well, mentioned in paragraph 253, two feet 

 in diameter, may be sunk, and filled with stone to permit the ready 

 passage of the water of a spring to the drain tile and so increase 

 the efficiency of the tile. The dimensions shown in the figure must 

 of course vary with conditions. The size of tile required will vary 

 with the size of the spring. 



254. Springy areas upon slopes. A springy area 

 well up on a considerable slope is a rather common thing, 

 especially in the drift soils. Sometimes the area is small ; 

 sometimes it includes several acres. The presence of 

 the springs is due to conditions similar to those producing 

 springs on the low areas. The situation and the facts 

 are presented only to show that the causes and the remedy 

 are the same, and as simple as in the previous case. (See 

 Fig. 87.) In limestone formations, a condition occurs 

 which is illustrated by Fig. 88, taken from Fippin, Cornell 

 Reading Course. It is self-explanatory. 



