INDEX 



253 



Outlets, 80; finishing, 144; loca- 

 tion of, 80, 108; protec- 

 tion for, 144 ; relation to 

 main, 80, 138 ; screen for, 

 144 ; sewer or iron pipe 

 for, 144 ; underground, 

 152. 



Over-mellowness of some soils, 

 19 ; may prevent ger- 

 mination, 20. 



Owosso Sugar Co., 65. 



Paris floods, 209. 



Patten, A. J., 72. 



Pennsylvania, 13. 



Permanent removal of standing 

 water, 54. 



Physical changes, 56. 



Physical composition of soils, 1. 



Physical condition of soils, 2. 



Physical inter-relations, 29. 



Pick, 135. 



Plant-food elements, 2 ; dissolved 

 in water, 4 ; forms of, 2 ; 

 how plants secure, 3, 4 ; 

 how they exist in the soil, 

 4 ; proper supply, 3 ; 

 table of, 3. 



Plow, the, how it mellows the soil, 

 31. 



Positive readings with hose-level, 

 175. 



Preliminaries to establishing grade, 

 125. 



Present rainfall sufficient for larger 

 crops, 206. 



Profile, 125. 



Puddling soils, 29 ; favored by over- 

 wetness of soil, 29 ; in- 

 fluence on plowing, 47 ; 

 require labor to prepare 

 for planting, 46. 



Pumping, 66. 



Pumping plant, 63; capacity of, 

 63 ; expense of installing, 

 64. 



Quicksand, 155 ; shield for, 155 ; 

 guarding against caving, 

 156 ; to lay tile in, 156. 



Rainfall, changing, 208 ; in Eng- 

 land, 211 ; records do not 

 indicate diminishing rain- 

 fall, 211; relation to 

 floods, 209 ; varies in 

 large cycles, 211. 



Reclamation, Michigan system, 

 65 ; Minnesota system, 

 65 ; of common swamps, 

 61 ; of delta lands, 62 ; of 

 drift swamp lands, 65 ; 

 of marine marshes, 65. 



Recording readings of hose-level, 

 168. 



Records do not indicate diminish- 

 ing rainfall, 211. 



Records, leveling, 102. 



Records of proceedings in organiz- 

 ing and carrying out work 

 of drainage district, 222. 



Relation of angle of approach to 

 main to distance apart of 

 tile, 110; of main grade 

 stakes to laterals, 110. 



Relation of diameter of tile to 

 capacity, 85. 



Relation of drainage, to capillary 

 and ground water, 207 ; 

 to cut-off, 207 ; to run-off, 

 207. 



Relation of floods to rainfall, 209 ; 

 to erratic rainfall, 209. 



Relation of forests to floods, 209. 



Relation of size to fall, 86. 



Removal of forests, effect on ground 

 water-table, 202 ; in- 

 creases evaporation, 202 ; 

 increases run-off, 202. 



Removal of surface reservoirs, 

 effect on ground water- 

 table, 202. 



Removing air bubbles from hose- 

 level, 168. 



Removing excess of surface water, 

 157. 



Removing soil from ditch, 139. 



Repair and up-keep of district 

 drains, 221. 



Rest period, 11 ; need for, 12. 



Right of groups of owners of lands 



