254 



INDEX 



to drain, 217; grievances 

 must be heard, 222 ; ob- 

 jections must be heard, 

 220; procedure, 218, 221. 



Right of groups of owners to enter 

 into mutual agreement to 

 drain, 223. 



Right of owners of lands to drain, 

 215, 216. 



Rising of ground water-table, 200. 



Rod men, short-rod man, 173 ; 

 long-rod man, 174. 



Root action, best temperature 

 for, 11 ; development, 11, 

 56 ; dies in absence of 

 oxygen, 17 ; growth, best 

 temperature for, 11 ; pres- 

 sure, 10; affected by 

 temperature, 10; systems 

 of crops, 17; use of, 11. 



Sachs, J., 6. 



Salts in marine marsh soils, 66 ; 



removed by leaching, 66. 

 Schreiner, Oswald, 44. 

 Screen for outlet, 144. 

 Seed-bed, early preparation of, 3. 

 Setting up grade bars, 136. 

 Setting up the level, 98. 

 Shaller, N. S., 160. 

 Shallow open ditches, 70. 

 Shantz, H. L., 10. 

 Shaw, R. S., 60. 

 Shields for laying tile in quicksand, 



155. 



Shrinkage of marsh soils, 66. 

 Side connections of laterals to 



mains, 147. 

 Silt-basins, 90 ; construction, 93 ; 



finishing, 93 ; how they 



perform their work, 92 ; 



location, 90 ; use, 90, 91. 

 Simple devices for leveling, 105. 

 Size of tile to use, 84 ; for laterals, 



146. 



Size of unit, 63. 

 Skinner, J. J., 44. 

 Sluice gates, 66. 

 Small wet areas, 67. 

 Soil crumbs, 32. 



Soil fissuring, interferes with root 

 development, 20 ; roots 

 injured by, 21. 



Soil heat, sources of, 33. 



Soil structure, defined, 19 ; ideal 

 condition of structure, 

 19 ; influence on capillary 

 water, 41, on germination, 

 20 ; on root development, 

 20 ; on soil temperature, 

 43 ; on soil ventilation, 

 41 ; on storage capacity, 

 42 ; limits extremes of 

 temperature, 43 ; modi- 

 fied by life forms, 41 ; 

 over-mellow condition of, 

 19 ; management of such 

 soil, 19. 



Soil texture, defined, 19. 



Soils, character of, 1 ; chemical 

 composition, 1 ; chief 

 physical conditions, 2 ; 

 cold soils, 36 ; manage- 

 ment, needed, 206 ; over- 

 wet soils, 36 ; physical 

 composition, 1 ; physical 

 condition, 2 ; rest period 

 of, 11 ; temperature, ac- 

 tual, 12 ; modified by 

 capillary water, 33 ; ob- 

 served in Germany, 13 ; 

 observed in Michigan, 14 ; 

 observed in Nebraska, 13 ; 

 observed in Pennsylvania, 

 13 ; observed in Switzer- 

 land, 14 ; ventilation, 

 affects root action, 17 ; 

 crops, 18 ; influence in 

 food preparation, 14 ; in- 

 fluences germination, 16 ; 

 prevents food destruction, 

 15 ; removes objection- 

 able products of, 15. 



Special conditions, 152 ; problems, 

 152. 



Specific heat of soils, 33. 



Springs, changing flow, 208. 



Springy places, 156. 



Steps in leveling, 115. 



Storer, F. H., 23. 



