230 MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 



tracts. The larvae are found in pools of rain water, paddy fields, borrow 

 pits, pools in dry river beds, and in fact almost any collection of 

 natural or artificial water ; it also breeds in wells. 



It is one of the most important natural carriers of the parasites of 

 malaria. The mature insects are somewhat difficult to detect, and 

 when in dark corners may escape observation, their ciilex-like attitude 

 being very deceptive. A variety punjabensis is recorded by James and 

 Liston, and is said to differ from the type culiclfacies by the complete 

 absence of the fourth dark area on the costa and first long vein. 



Anopheles (Myzomyla) listoni* Liston. Palpi with three white 

 bands, one situated at the tip. Thorax yellowish brown, with a 

 median and two indistinct lateral lines. Abdomen very dark, almost 

 black, with some yellowish white hairs. Legs broad and marked like 

 those of culicifacies, except that the light patch at the apex of tibia is 

 nearly always absent. Costa with four black spots, basal spot as a rule 

 not divided into two as in culicifacies. Egg with the upper sur- 

 face narrow, divided into two parts, each with a narrow frill; floats long 

 with about twenty crinkles, and not encroaching on the upper surface. 

 Larva with simple and unbranched frontal hairs ; palmate hairs on thorax 

 and all abdominal segments ; leaflet moderately long and serrated, and 

 with filament similar to that of culicifacies. This species is com- 

 mon in the Berars, Central Provinces, Bengal Duars, Jeypore Agency, 

 Goa, Bombay, Hyderabad (Deccan,) and the North Canara District. 

 Theobald states that it occurs in Ceylon and Perak. 



It breeds in running streams, and is probably a natural carrier of 

 the parasites of malaria wherever it occurs. It is often difficult to 

 distinguish it from culicifacies ; James and Liston in their monograph 

 state that the length of the first submarginal and first posterior 

 cells are the best means of separating the two species. If the first 

 submarginal cell is more than half as long as the second posterior, the 

 specimen is listoni, if the reverse it is culicifacies. 



Anopheles (Myzomyid) leptomeres, Theobald, is, according to James 

 and Liston, a variety of listoni. 



Anopheles (sensu restricto) barianensls, James. Palpi black with- 

 out any bands. Thorax dark brown. Abdomen almost black, dorsal 

 surface of each segment with greyish white areas. Legs broad, coxae 

 and trochanters white, otherwise unbanded. Costa without spots. 



* It appears that when describing this species under the name listoni, Major Liston 

 believed he was dealing with listoni, Giles, which is now known to be a distinct species. 

 Major Listen's description, therefore, holds priority. 



