646 MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 



calves in these boxes, either with or without bags, and in each case 

 almost all the ticks have been recovered when they dropped off. 



The larvae and nymphs of R. evertsi always attach themselves deep in 



the car, and as soon as the nymphs are ncaring repletion ear bags should 



be applied. The adults prefer the hairless parts of the 



R. evertsi and body, particularly about the anus, udder or scrotum. 

 R. bursa . 



Rhipicephaliis bursa may be found attached to almost 



any part of the bodies of sheep and goats ; on the former it is often found 

 about the neck and ears. The various stages may be placed on these 

 animals either by using ear bags or by dressing the animal in a cloth 

 garment as shown in Plate LXXXII, fig. 4. This method of dressing 

 the goat was devised by Lounsbury in connection with his experiments 

 with heartwater and Amblyomma hebraeum. The garment should be 

 tied securely about the neck as well as across the back ; it can be used for 

 the sheep also. 



In the case of Margaropus aniudatus and its varieties, all of which are 

 found on cattle, it is best to utilize calves and to place them in boxes as 



described above. These ticks are easy to manipulate, 

 Margaropus annul- 



atus and its varieties as tne y remain on the host throughout all their stages. 

 Under natural conditions annulatus is always found 

 attached to the abdomen of the calf in the neighbourhood of the udder or 

 scrotum, though very occasionally it may be found at some other part. 

 The larvae should be placed either in ear bags or abdominal bags, which 

 are re-applied when the females are about to drop off. 



The female of Hyalomma aegyptium can be collected from cattle by 

 using an abdominal bag. The larvae and nymphs may be fed on hedge- 

 hogs and guinea pigs by keeping them in the small cages described above. 



Lounsbury has studied the life history of Amblyomma hebraeum ; he 



utilized goats and sheep, dressing them in a garment, as figured on 



Plate LXXXII, fig. 4. The larvae, nymphs and adults 



Genus Amblyomma usua n y drop off after four or five days, and are found 

 A. hebraeum, the .... , . . 



Bont tick m tne doth. When only a few ticks are used, they 



may be placed on the leg in a closely fitting stocking 

 about twelve inches long, with a double foot and with a puckering 

 tape at the top ; the foot is double to prevent its being worn through. 

 When the ticks begin to drop off, the cloth or stocking should be 

 examined every hour. In order to prevent the animal from nibbling at 

 the cloth, Lounsbury recommends placing it in a stanchion, similar to 

 that used for holding milch cows. The iron collar shown in Plate 

 LXXXII, fig. 2 would answer the purpose equally well. In the case 



