THE PROTEIN SUBSTANCES. 29 



and part antipeptone prepared by pancreas infusion, this peptone 

 was found to contain about the same amount of hydrogen and the 

 same or a greater amount of nitrogen, but less carbon than the albu- 

 moses. In his investigations on casein CHITTEKDEN found, on the 

 other hand, that in antipeptone the amount of carbon was higher 

 than in certain caseoses. As the preparation of true peptones in 

 a pure condition is accompanied with great difficulty, and as the 

 peptones (in the modern sense) analyzed have not always behaved 

 as true peptones towards the peptone reagents as described by 

 NEUMEISTER, it is most difficult to draw any positive conclusion 

 from these analyses. It seems, nevertheless, that generally the 

 so-called true peptones are perhaps somewhat poorer in carbon than 

 the corresponding albumins. 



The elementary analyses made up to the present time have not 

 given us a positive answer in regard to the relationship existing 

 between the albumins on one side 'and the albumoses and peptones 

 on the other. The view that the peptone formation is a hydrolytic 

 splitting is accepted by HOPPE-SEYLER, KUHKE, HENNINGER, and 

 indeed by recent investigators. In support of this view we have 

 the observations of HENNINGER and HOFMEISTEK, according to 

 which peptones are converted into an albumin similar to albu- 

 minates by the action of acetic acid anhydride, or by heating so 

 that water is expelled. According to other investigators, as MALT, 

 HERTH, LOEW, and others, the formation of peptone is a depoly- 

 merization of the albumins. A third view is that albumins and 

 peptones are isomeric bodies; while a fourth view (GRIESSMAYER) 

 claims that the albumins consist of micell groups which on pepto- 

 nization are first converted into micells and then further into a 

 molecule. Though an ordinary albumin solution contains micells 

 or micell bonds, so also a peptone solution contains an albumin 

 molecule. 



The preparation of different albumoses in a complete pure form 

 is very troublesome and accompanied with a great many difficulties. 

 For this reason there will be given here only the general methods by 

 which the different albumose precipitates are obtained. If we pro- 

 ceed from a solution of fibrin in pepsin hydrochloric acid, we first 

 neutralize, heat to boiling, filter, concentrate the filtrate, and satu- 

 rate it with common salt in substance. The precipitate is filtered, 



