CHYLE, LYMPH, TRANSUDATIONS AND EXUDATIONS. 125 



Hydrocele and Spermatocele Fluids. These fluids differ from 

 each other in various ways. The hydrocele fluids are generally 

 colored light or darker yellow, sometimes brownish with a shade of 

 green. They have a relatively higher specific gravity, 1.016-1.026, 

 with a variable but generally higher amount of solids, an average of 

 60 p. m. They sometimes coagulate spontaneously, sometimes only 

 after the addition of fibrin ferment or blood. They contain as 

 form-elements chiefly leucocytes. Sometimes they contain smaller 

 or larger amounts of cliolesterin crystals. 



The spermatocele fluids, on the contrary, are as a rule colorless, 

 thin, cloudy like water mixed with milk. They sometimes have an 

 acid reaction. They have a lower specific gravity, 1.006 to 1.010, a 

 lower amount of solids an average of about 13 p. m., and do not 

 coagulate either spontaneously or after the addition of blood. They 

 are, as a rule, poor in albumin and contain spermatozoa, cell-detri- 

 tus, and fat-globules as form-constituents. To show the unequal 

 composition of these two kinds of fluids we will give the average 

 results (calculated in parts per 1000 parts of the fluid) of 17 analy- 

 ses of hydrocele fluids and 4 of spermatocele fluids made by the 



author : 



Hydrocele. Spermatocele. 



Water 938.35 986.33 



Solids 61.15 13.17 



Fibrin 0.59 



Globulin 13.52 0.59 



Serum albumin 35.94 1.82 



Ether extractive bodies 4.02 ) 



Soluble salts 8.60V 10.76 



Insoluble salts 0.66 ) 



In the hydrocele fluids traces of urea and a reducing substance have been 

 found, and in a few cases also succinic acid and inosit. 



Cerebrospinal Fluid. This fluid, which in certain respects is 

 more of a secretion than a transudation (C. SCHMIDT, HALLIBUR- 

 TON), is thin, water-clear, and has a low specific gravity (1.005). 

 It is very poor in solids, 10-15 p. m., and ordinarily contains about 

 10 p. m. albumin. This albumin is generally a mixture of globu- 

 lin and albumose / occasionally some peptone occurs, and more 

 rarely, in special cases, serum albumin appears (HALLIBURTON). 

 An optically inactive, non-fermentable, reducible substance, seem- 

 ingly pyrocatechin (HALLIBURTON), has been observed in this fluid. 



