150 PHYSIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY. 



more readily soluble than the barium salt of the ordinary cholulic 

 acid. Choleic acid yields on oxidation, first, deUydroclioleic acid, 

 C^HggO*, and then cholanic acid, C^HggOg-f J H 2 (LATSCHINOFF). 



Fellic Acid, C^H^O^, is a cholalic acid, so called by SCHOT- 

 TEN, and which he obtained from human bile, along with the ordi- 

 nary acid. This acid is crystalline, is insoluble in water, and yields 

 barium and magnesium salts which are very insoluble. It does 

 not give PETTENKOFER'S reaction easily and gives a more reddish- 

 blue color. 



The hyo-glycocholic and the cheno-taurocholic as well as the 

 glycochplic acid of the bile of rodents yield corresponding cholalic 

 acids. 



On boiling cholalic acids with acids, by putrefaction in the 

 intestines, or by heating, they lose water and are converted into an 

 anhydride, the so-called dy sly sin. The dyslysin, 24113603, corre- 

 sponding to ordinary cholalic acid, and which occurs in faeces, 

 is amorphous, insoluble in water and alkalies. Choloidic acid is 

 ^called the first anhydride, or an intermediate product in the forma- 

 tion of dyslysin. According to HOPPE-SEYLER, choloidic acid 

 is perhaps only a mixture of cholalic acid and dyslysin. On boiling 

 dyslysin with caustic alkali it is reconverted into the corresponding 

 cholalic acid. 



Glycocoll, C 2 H 6 N0 2 , or amido-acetic acid, NH 2 .CH 2 .COOH, also 

 called glycine, or sugar of gelatine, has been found in the muscles 

 of pecten irradians, but it is of special interest as a decomposi- 

 tion product of certain protein substances gelatine and spongin 

 as also of hippuric acid or glycocholic acid on splitting them by 

 boiling with acids. 



Glycocoll forms colorless, often large, hard rhombic crystals or 

 four-sided prisms. The crystals taste sweet and dissolve easily in 

 cold (4.3 parts) water. They are insoluble in alcohol and ether; 

 in warm spirits of wine they dissolve, but with difficulty. Glycocoll 

 combines with acids and bases. Under the last-mentioned combi- 

 nations we must mention those with copper and silver. Glycocoll 

 dissolves copper hydroxide in alkaline liquids, but does not 

 reduce it at the boiling temperature. A boiling-hot solution of 

 glycocoll dissolves freshly-precipitated copper hydroxide, forming a 

 blue liquid from which dark-blue needles crystallize on cooling, if 



