THE UEINE. 393 



These acids are voided as toluric, mesitylenuric, cuminuric, and 

 phenaceturic acid. 



Another synthesis of aromatic substances is that of the ethereal 

 'sulphuric acids. Phenol and chiefly the hydroxylated aromatic 

 hydrocarbons are voided as ethereal sulphuric acids, according to 

 BAUMANIT, HEETEE, and others. 



A pairing of aromatic substances with glycuronic acid, which 

 last is protected from burning, occurs rather often. Camphor, 

 C 10 H 16 0, when given to a dog, is first converted by oxidation into 

 camphorol, C 10 H 15 (OH)0, and by coupling with glycuronic acid, 

 campho- glycuronic acid is produced (SCHMIEDEBEEG). Borneol 

 and menthol give directly, with the elimination of water, the corre- 

 sponding glycuronic acids (PELLACA:NT). Phenol may also be 

 partly voided directly as a coupled glycuronic acid (SCHMIEDEBEEG). 

 Naphthol appears in great part to pass into the urine as coupled 

 glycuronic acids (LESLIE and M. NENCKI). Orthonitrotoluol in 

 dogs passes first into orthonitrobenzyl-alcohol and then into a 

 coupled glycuronic acid (JAFFE). Indol (SCHMIEDEBEEG) and 

 skatol (MESTEE) seem, as above mentioned, to be partly voided 

 by the urine as coupled glycuronic acids. The same is true also 

 for many other aromatic substances. 



A synthesis in which a compound containing sulphur, mercap- 

 turic acid, occurs is produced by the introduction of chlorine or 

 bromine derivatives of benzol into the organism of dogs (BAUMANN" 

 and PEEUSSE, JAFFE). Ghlorbenzol combines with cy stein, a body 

 which seems to be a decomposition product of the albumins, and 

 which is nearly related to cystin (see below), forming chlor- 

 phenylmercapturic acid, CnHjaClSNOg. On boiling with a mineral 

 acid this compound is decomposed into acetic acid and chlorphenyl- 

 cystein, C 6 H 4 C1. C 3 H 6 lSrS0 2 . 



Pyridin, C 5 H 5 N, which does not combine either with glycuronic 

 acid or with sulphuric acid after previous oxidation, shows a special 

 behavior. It takes up a methyl group and forms an ammonium 

 combination, methylpyridyl-ammonium hydroxyl (His). Several 

 alkaloids, such as quinin, morphin, and strychnin, may pass into 

 the urine. After taking turpentine, balsam of copaiva, and resins 

 these may pass into the urine as resin acids (MALT). Different 

 kinds of coloring matters, such as alizarin, crysophanic acid, after 



