40 PLANT DISEASES 



An American correspondent states that carnation rust 

 can be arrested by spraying with a solution consisting of 

 one ounce of arsenic dissolved in a little alcohol, and 

 mixed with 100 gallons of water. Care is required on the 

 part of the operator, on account of the poisonous nature of 

 the active ingredient. 



Paraffin, a wine-glassful to two gallons of water, is 

 stated to have checked the spread of the chrysanthemum 

 rust (Pucdnia hieradt] ; possibly other rusts would suc- 

 cumb to similar treatment, which is in other respects not 

 at all injurious to plants. 



JENSEN'S HOT- WATER TREATMENT FOR WHEAT AND OAT 

 SMUT. -This method, which experience has proved to be 

 highly satisfactory, is reproduced as given in the latest 

 and most approved manner by Swingle, in the Year- Book 

 of the U.S. Department of Agriculture for 1894: 



' Provide two large vessels, preferably holding at least 

 20 gallons. Two wash kettles, soap kettles, wash boilers, 

 tubs, or even barrels, will do. One of the vessels should 

 contain warm water, say at 110 to 120 F., and the other 

 scalding water, at 132 to 133 F. The first is for the 

 purpose of warming the seed preparatory to dipping it 

 into the second. Unless this precaution is taken it will 

 be difficult to keep the water in the second vessel at the 

 proper temperature. A pail of cold water should be at 

 hand, and it is also necessary to have a kettle filled with 

 boiling water from which to add from time to time to 

 keep the temperature right. Where kettles are used, a 

 very small fire should be kept under the kettle of scalding 

 water. The seed which is to be treated must be placed, 

 half a bushel or more at a time, in a closed vessel that 

 will allow free entrance and exit of water on all sides. For 



