GLOSSARY. 347 



RE-VERSED'. Applied to spiral univalves, in which the direction of the spiral 

 is the reverse of the normal i. e., sinistral. 



RHI-ZOPH'A-GA (Gr. rhiza, root ; pltago, I eat). A group of the Marsupials. 



RHI-ZOP'O-DA (Gr. rhiza, a root; and pous, foot). Trie division of Protozoa 

 comprising all those which are capable of emitting pseudopodia. 



RHTN'CHO-LITES (Gr. rhugchos, beak; and lithos, stone). Beak-shaped fos- 

 sils, consisting of the mandibles of Cephalopoda. 



RO-DEN'TI-A (Lat. rodo, I gnaw). An order of the Mammals ; often called 

 Glires (Lat. glis, a dormouse). 



ROS'TRUM (Lat. rostrum, beak). The "beak" or suctorial organ formed by 

 the appendages of the mouth in certain insects. 



RO-TA-TO RI-A (= Rotifera). 



RO-TIF'E-RA (Lat. rota, wheel ; and fero, I carry \ A class of the Scolecida 

 (Annuloida) characterized by a ciliated " trocnal disc." 



RU-GO'SA (Lat. rugosus, wrinkled ). An extinct order of Corals, 



RU'MEN (Lat. for the throat). The first cavity of the complex stomach of Ru- 

 minants ; often called the " paunch." 



RU-MI-NAN'TI-A (Lat. ruminor, I chew the cud). The group of Hoofed Quad- 

 rupeds ( Ungulata) which " ruminate " or chew the cud. 



SA'CRUM. The vertebrae (usually anchylosed) which unite with the haunch- 

 bones (ilia) to form the pelvis. 



SAND-CA-NAL (= STONE-CA-NAL). The tube by which water is conveyed from 

 the exterior to the ambulacral system of the Echinodermata. 



SAR'CODE (Gr. sarx, flesh ; eidos, form). The jelly-like substance of which 

 the bodies of Protozoa are composed. It is an albuminous body containing 

 oil-granules, and is sometimes called " animal protoplasm." 



SAR'COIDS (Gr. sarx; and eidos, form). The separate amoebiform particles 

 which in the aggregate make up the "flesh" of a Sponge. 



SATJ'EI-A (Gr. saura, a lizard). _ Any lizard-like Reptile is often spoken of as 

 a " Saurian ; " but the term is sometimes restricted to the Crocodiles alone, 

 or to the Crocodiles and Lacertilians. 



SAU-RO-BA-TRA'CHI-A (Gr. saura ; batraehos, frog). Sometimes applied to the 

 order of the tailed Amphibians ( Urodela). 



SAU-ROP'SI-DA (Gr. saura ; andopsis, appearance). The name given by Hux- 

 ley to the two classes of the Birds and Reptiles collectively. 



SAU-ROP-TER-YG'I-A (Gr. saura; andpterux, wing). An extinct order of Rep- 

 tiles, called by Huxley Plesiosauria. from the typical genus Plesiosaurus. 



SAU-RU'R^: (Gr. saura ; and oura, tail). The extinct order of Birds compris- 

 ing only the Archceopteryx. ^ 



SCAN-SO'RES (Lat. scando, I climb). The order of the Climbing Birds (Par- 

 rots, Woodpeckers, etc.). 



SCA-PHOO'NA-THITE (Gr. skapJios, boat ; and gnaihos, jaw). The boat-shaped 

 appendage (epipodite) of the second pair of maxillae in the Lobster ; the 

 function of which is to spoon out the water from the branchial chamber. 



SCAP'U-LA (Lat. for shoulder-blade). The shoulder-blade of the pectoral arch 

 of Vertebrates : in a restricted sense, the row of plates in the cup of Ori- 

 noids, which give origin to the arms, and are usually called the "axillary 

 radials." 



SOLE-REN'CHY-MA (Gr. skleros, hard ; and egchuma, tissue). The calcareous 

 tissue of which a coral is composed.. 



SCLE'RITES (Gr. skleros). The calcareous spicules which are scattered in the 

 soft tissues of certain Actinozoa. 



SOLER-O-BA'SIO (Gr. skleros, hard ; Jam, pedestal). The coral which is pro- 

 duced by the outer surface of the integument in certain Actinozoa (e, g., 

 Red Coral), and forms a solid axis which is invested by the soft parts of the 

 animal. It is called " foot-secretion" by Mr. Dana. 



SOLER-O-DER'MIO (Gr. skleros ; and derma, skin). Applied to the corallum 

 which is deposited within the tissues of certain Actmozoa, and is called 

 "tissue-secretion" by Mr. Dana. 



SOLE-BOT'IO (Gr. sUeros, hard). The outer dense fibrous coat of the eye. 



