SPIRILLA RESEMBLING CHOLERA. 287 



paralyzed with opium, about 20 per cent, of the animals 

 die from intestinal disease. 



The Spirillum of Gamalia (Spirillum Metchnikoff). 

 Very closely related to the cholera spirillum in its 

 morphology and vegetation and possibly, as has been 

 suggested, a descendant of the same original stock, is the 

 spirillum which Gamaleia cultivated from the intestines 

 of chickens affected with a disease similar to chicken- 

 cholera. This spirillum is a curved organism, a trifle 

 shorter and thicker than the cholera spirillum, a little 

 more curved, and with similar rounded ends (Fig. 86). 





FIG. 86. Spirillum Metchnikoff, from an agar-agar culture; x 1000 (Itzerott 

 and Niemann). 



It forms long spirals in appropriate media, and is actively 

 motile. Each spirillum is provided with a terminal flagel- 

 lum. No spores have been positively demonstrated. 



The organism, like the cholera vibrio, is very suscep- 

 tible to the influence of acids, high temperatures, and 

 drying, so that spores are probably not formed. It grows 

 well both at the temperature of the room and at that of 

 incubation. 



The bacterium stains easily, the ends more deeply than 

 the centre. It is not stained by Gram's method. 



Upon gelatin plates a remarkable similarity to the 



