178 Mr. G. C. Champion on various African 



^ -characters were so briefly noted that they would apply 

 equally well to several distinct species*. In consequence of 

 this, several forms are here treated as new which may have 

 to be sunk as synonyms when types can be compared. The 

 ? ? , moreover, are frequently indistingnishable inter se 

 (as in certain Malachius, Henicopus, &c.) in the absence of 

 ^ c? from the same localities. The accessory ^ -characters 

 in the antennae, legs, &c., however, are so well marked that 

 there is not very mnch difficulty in distinguishing the species 

 when examples of that sex are available for examination. 

 The following e'xterual marks of distinction have been 

 observed in the males: (1) antennse — flabellate, pectinate, 

 serrate, or subfiliform ; (2) head — usually as in ? , rarely 

 excavate [H. cJavicornis) or with the epistoma tumid and 

 flavescent {H. abyssinicus, &c,) ; (3) anterior trochanters 

 (described as coxae by Pic) — toothed, or simple as in ? ; (4) 

 anterior femora — usually simple as in ? , rarely toothed at 

 the middle or base ; (5) anterior tibiae — lobed, dilated, or 

 angulate at about the middle, or simply sinuate ; (6j anterior 

 tarsal joint 2 — usually produced above over the base or more 

 of joint 3 (sometimes broarily so and nigro-pectinate at tip, 

 sometimes narrowly and claw-like), rarely simple as in $ f; 

 (7) intermediate trochanters — usually simple, rarely (two 

 Eastern or Indian forms) scaphiforra or lobed; (8) inter- 

 mediate femora — usually simple, sometimes angulate about 

 the middle, or with a basal or median excavation or fovea 

 beneath ; (9) intermediate tibiae — in some species greatly 

 inflated, and deeply excavate and lamellate, toothed, or 

 penicilh'.te on the^r inner aspect, in others broadly, subtrian- 

 gularly dilated, ajid more or less distinctly appendiculate or 

 lobed near the inner apical angle, in others again moderately 

 thickened, sinuate, or simple. In addition to above-men- 

 tioned characters, the head, antenuae, prothorax, or legs are 

 also sometimes differently coloured in the two sexes, and in 

 a ievf species (iiT. amplipennis, &c.) the wings are reduced 

 in size or rudimentary in the females, these insects having 

 inflated elytra. The females of certain African forms 



* The Hapaloc/iri uamed by Pic in his "Diagnoses preliminaires " 

 ('li'Echauge/ xxrii. p. 123, 1911), and in liis " Malacodermes Africains" 

 (Melanges exot.-entonj. xxxi. pp. 10, 11, Oct. 1919), issued " pour prendre 

 date," have no claim for recognition, some of the descriptions being 

 totally inadequate. 



t Bourgeois included various African forms under this section 

 (Puratinus), two ouly^of them, H. am2)l{pennis and //. modestus, really 

 belonging to it, one at least of the others having the second tarsal joint 

 produced above. 



