found in and about Tubipora musica. 215 



nothing is to be learnt beyond this from tlieir commencement 

 to predict what their ultimate forms respectively may be. 

 Tliat mystery of mysterious powers whicii presides over the 

 future deveh»pment, as well as the form of thiit develoj)ment it- 

 self, is ecjually hidden from us in the ocutn of all living beings — 

 \\\ii latter until it nuikes its appearance, and the former probably 

 for ever. 



Hence all is unity in the beginning ; and when it is consi- 

 dered that it would take 75 years 10 months and 10 days to 

 ring the changes upon twelve bells or twelve varieties of tlie 

 the unit, at the rate of 10 changes per minute, it does not seem 

 strange that there should be so many varieties of living beings 

 on the face of the earth — visual and auricular impressions con- 

 sidered correlatively. 



The interior of the specimen of Tuhipora musica was also 

 found to contain a great number of loose Foraniinifera, con- 

 sisting of: — 



Calcarina Sj)englen, C. hispida, and C. calcar. 



2\'noporus baculatus, Ue Montfort, and T. vesicularisj Car- 

 penter, varieties Jic/niphicricus and splueroidaUs. 



ValvuUna (clavuline varieties), CV/^Von-like, vermicular, and 

 Textularian. 



Orhitulifes, PenerojjUsj Orhiculina aduncaj Ileterosteginay 

 and Dactylopora. 



The specimens of Tinojjorus vesicularis are hemispherical 

 and spheroidal respectively, depending upon their growing 

 from a fixed or a free point : if from the former, they are ses- 

 sile and hemispherical (fig. 10) ; if from the latter, free and 

 spheroidal (fig. 18) — with a radiated structure in each instance, 

 composed of conical columns of chambers (fig. 20), which 

 chambers, being alternate in adjoining columns, the circumfe- 

 rential chamber of one of the columns is only half-developed 

 (fig. 20, </, and 21, e), whereby the surface of the Ti'nojyorus 

 presents a pitted appearance, which, as the structure is very 

 much like that of Polytrema ininiaceum, might be taken for 

 apertures of a canal-system; but a short examination will show 

 that they only extend down to the next foraminated plate (fig. 

 21, e), and that Tinoporus vesicidaris has no pseudopodial 

 canal-system like that of Polytrema viiniaceumj but is cTepen- 

 dent entirely upon the foraminated plates of its chambers 

 (fig. 21, c) for communication between the centre and the cir- 

 cumference, or the interior and the exterior. 



Why Dr. Carpenter should have adopted De ^^lontfort's name 

 of 2\'noponis for this genus, when he states (Introd. p. 223) 

 that De Montfort considered T. baculatus as a variety of "xVa«f- 



