found in and ahont Tubipora musica. 217 



hacnlatus. ICacli has a troclioicl spire of clianilx'rs, from which 

 circuniU'ri'iitial sj)ines arc more or less projected horizontally, 

 hut not all on the same jjlane, as they come from the chambers 

 of the trochoid] and all ])ossess columns of solid shell-substance ; 

 but whereas in Cdlmrind calcar the pores or tabulation of the 

 chambers open directly (tn the surface, in (J. Sj>t'nf/leri t\wy are 

 prolon^^'d into trumpet-shaped tubes whose open extremities 

 in juxtajiosition form the surface ; and these in C. hispida are 

 Prolonged into points. " Hispida " is the designation given by 

 Mr. H. B. Brady to this variety of Calcarina (Q. Journ. Micr. 

 Sci. vol. xvi. p. 405, 1870), well represented by Dr. Carpenter 

 (Introd, ])1. xiv. figs. G vfc 7) ; while in Tinoporus baculntus the 

 pore-tubulation of the chambers of the trochoid spire is con- 

 tinued to the surface through columns of cell-like chambers 

 successively communicating with each other by pore-tubulation 

 as in all other cases of the kind. The chambers appear to be 

 alternate in adjoining columns, as in Tinoporus vesicularis : 

 but here the resemblance ceases ; for they are subtriangular or 

 lunate in the vertical section, and not sub-square as in T. vesi- 

 cularis ; nor have I been able to see that they comnumicate 

 with each other laterally in the same way as those of T. vesi- 

 cularis (see fig. 21, rZ). All these may be minor differences ; but 

 when we find that Tinoporus hacuJatus possesses in addition a 

 distinct system of interseptal canals circumscribing the cham- 

 bers of the trochoid sj)ire and apparently ojicniug at the ends 

 of the circumferential s})ines respectively, just as in O-perculina 

 arahica the canals of this system open on the surface of the 

 marginal cord, it seems natural to conclude that if Tinoporus 

 haculatus has no generic affinity with Calcarina it certainly 

 has none with Tinojwrus vesicularis. 



On viewing the surfaces respectively of Calcarina calcar, 

 C. Spencflerij and C. hispida, one cannot help being struck with 

 their resemblance to similar ones on Glohigcrina and Planor- 

 bulina, wherein the simjjle pore-opening ia often prolonged 

 into a trumpet-shaped extension in the former, and a hispid or 

 pointed form in the latter. 



Dr. Cai'pcnter evidently did not think the helix in Tinoporus 

 haculatus trochoid, or he would not have a})pHed the term 

 " equatorial jtlane " to it (Introd. p. 227) ; and yet in the ex- 

 planation to plate XV., with reference to fig. 12, he states that 

 it is not distinguishable from Calcarina, using again the term 

 "median ])lane "=" equatorial." Now no trochoid can have 

 an equatorial or median plane ; and as fig. 2 is stated in the c:^:-, 

 ])lanation to represent a " section of the central portion of T. 

 haadatus ])assing through the median ])lane," it seems to be' 

 a mistake ; for half the I'hambcrs still possessing their tubula-^ 



Ann. tt; Mag. X. Hist, Ser. 4. Vol. xix. 15 



