the TruniJhjvm Fiunl. l'2'.i 



to the area, widening upwards from the base ; but ordinarily, 

 in their crowded state, only a sufficient part of this posterior 

 portion remains to support the avicuhirium ; the area is nearly 

 as wide as long and otten somewhat trifoliate in form; the 

 mouth-opening is a slit elosc to its anterior margin, the border 

 surrounding the area is calcareous and may be armed with 

 spines. Ocecia large, globose, and imperforate. An avicu- 

 larium of large size (sometimes monstrously so), with acute 

 mandible, would seem to be habitually present on the adult 

 zowcia, situated on the central portion of the zooecium on or 

 immediately behind the hinder margin of the area, and is 

 often elevated on a pedestal. [Zoarium incrusting in type 

 species.] 



Type, Ramphonotus minax (Busk). 



This genus approaches Fovp.olariaj Busk ; but the first 

 species (type) described [F. elliptica, Busk) would seem ta 

 have a regularly articulated large operculum, besides other 

 points of distinction. 



9. liainphonotus minax (Busk). 



Memhranipnra F/emiiu/ii, forma viitiax, Sinitt, CEfvers. K. Vet.-Akad. 



Foihaiid. 18(37, p. -307. pi. xx. tigs. 43, 44. 

 Membrauipora mina.c, Iliucks, Brit. Pol. p. 169, pi. xxii. figs. 2, 2 a-c. 



On a stone from about 100 fathoms, Rodberg. I also 

 have it in my collection from Shetland, Hardanger and Ber- 

 gen Fiords, Norway (^1. ^f. N.), Gulf of St. Lawrence 

 (Whiteaves). 



Hincks was of opinion that Smitt's figure 44 could not 

 belong to this species ; but it gives an accurate representation 

 of the avicularium in the fully developed state. 



10. Tessarodoma gracile, M. Sars. 



1851. Pustulipora yracilis, M. Sars, Beret, om en i Somm. 1840, Zool. 



Reise i Lofoten og Finmark, Nyt Mag. f. Xaturvidens. p. 'KS. 

 1800. Onchopora borealis, Busk, Quart. Journ. Micr. Sci. vol. viii. 



p. 213, pi. xxviii. tigs. 6, 7. 



1863. Quadricellaria (jracilis, M. Sars, Beskr. over nogle norske 

 Polyzoer, Videnskabs Fcirhand. for 1862, p. 14 (separate copy). 



1864. Quadricellaria (jracilis, Alder, "New British Polyzoa, &c.,' 

 Quart. Journ. Micr. Sci. n. s., vol. iv. p. 7 (sepai'ate copy), pi. ii, 

 tigs. 9-12. 



1867. Anarthropora borealis, Smitt, " Krit. Forteck. Skand. Hafs- 

 Bryozoer," tEfvers. af K. Vet.-Akad. Fcirhand. p. 8, pi. xxiv. 

 tigs. 25-29. 



1869. Tess.irodoma gracile, Norman, " Last Report Dredging Shetland," 

 Brit. Assoc. Rep. for 18t)8, p. 309. 



1873. Tessarodoma boreale, Smitt, Florida Bryoz., Kongl. Svens. 



