214 Miscellaneous. 



support of the cutting cuticle. So soon as a wound is made by the 

 jaw, it is impregnated by the secretion which streams out between 

 the teeth, whereby in the vessels which are bitten into not only the 

 coagulation of the blood, l)ut also the conglutination of the vascular 

 membranes (Elutpliittchen) is prevented — at lea.st in the case of 

 llirudo rnedicimiUs. 



I have not succeeded in demonstrating au anti-coagulating effect 

 in the case of the extract from heads of Auhistomuni hardened in 

 alcohol. I have been able to convince myself that ylHlaxtomnm .ia 

 able to inflict a skin-wound upon frogs and to suck blood; subse- 

 quent bleeding from the wound, however, I have not found. So far 

 as I have seen, Auhistamum wounds the skin of only such frogs as 

 are badly nourished and do not defend themselves vigorously, and 

 then only on the toes of the posterior extremities. In the ca>e of 

 dead frogs, Atdnstomu))) also fixes itself and sucks in the oral caWly, 

 tlie pharynx, and deep in the throat. 



I hojie shortly to be able to publish a more detailed account of 

 mv results. — ZoologischerAuzeiger,xyi. Jahrg., no. 4:33, November I'.i, 

 1893, pp. 427-429. 



Utrecht, October 1893. 



Schneidi-r's Pore and th? (Esophageal Glands of Xematode.s-. 

 By Prof. Otto Hamaxn, of Gottingeu. 



Since the investigations of Schn' ider the oesophagus and its 

 glands in parasitic Nematodes have not been subjected to a renewed 

 and more minute examination, and the subject was left with the 

 brief allusion to a capillitorm canal, which this investigator had 

 observed in the oesophagus oi Ascaris megalocephala. In his * Mono- 

 graiihie der Nematoden ' (pp. 191 & 192) in dealing with this species 

 Sohneidor alludes to a canal, which is stated to open on tlie doi-sal 

 side of the internal (esophageal wall and which could be traced for 

 a short distance. "Whether this canal extends deeper into the sub- 

 stance of the (Esophagus is a question which he leaves undecided. 

 Up to ihe present I have discovered the jiore with its canal in a 

 large number of Adriatic Ascaridie and STrongylida\ and in Ltcnno- 

 cepludas. I propose to give a short description of it as found in the 

 latter form. Schneider's pore is situated a short distance below the 

 lips on the dorsal side of the internal wall of the oesophagus and 

 constitutes a communication between the cesophageal lumen and au 

 organ which lies in the oesophageal wall. The pore leads into a 

 capillitorm, membranous, hyaline canal, which at first runs at right 

 angles, and then bends round and passes backwards parallel to the 

 longitudinal axis of the ce-ophagus. The canal is surrounded by a 

 irr.inular substance, which otters a marked contrast to the basal 

 sul)stance of the oesophagus. It never lies ft-ee, but even at its 

 hinder end. where it has l>ecome more and more slender, tlie canal 

 is (Mulosed in this substance. It can be followed throughout the 

 ciitii-c h'ligth of the tpsophngiis nlmost as far as the sphincter appa- 



