Geological Society. 327 



C. excavainm. Sow., and their varieties. Four varieties of the 

 first, nine of the second, three of the third and fourth, are defined, 

 and a description is given of a new species of Cardioceras belonging 

 to the same group. Notes on species allied to the group and on 

 others which have been wrongly confused with it are added. 

 These species are so closely connected by innumerable transitional 

 forms that their limits cannot be definitely fixed. The term 

 ' species ' is therefore used as equivalent to Prof. J. W. Gregory's 

 circulus : ' It includes a number of " forms," which vary along lines 

 radiating outward from a central type. Some of the members 

 farthest removed from the centre may be within the range of 

 another ch'culus, for the different circuli may overlap or be 

 connected by an indefinite series of individuals.' Each circulus is 

 made up of subcirculi or varieties, and several circuli make up a 

 group which need not necessarily correspond with a genus. 

 C. cordatum is retained as the name of the whole group, although 

 the type is a most unsatisfactory little specimen from the Corallian 

 of Shotovcr. 



2. ' On the Occurrence of Elephas meridionalis at Dewlish 

 (Dorset). Second communication : Human agency suggested.' By 

 the Rev. Osmond Fisher, M.A., F.G.S. 



This paper is in continuation of one published by the Author in 

 1888. The site in which the elephant-remains were found is a 

 narrow trench, examined to a depth of 12 feet in places, with 

 nearly-vertical sides, a smooth, chalk-bottom, and an abrupt end. 

 It was not a fault or a stream-course, and it was partly filled with 

 fine dust-like sand which may have been wind-borne. The trench 

 cuts diagonally across the scarp ; and, even if it could be accounted 

 for by natural agencies, it is difficult to explain how it happened 

 that so many elephants fell into it. The Author points out that 

 in Africa elephants are caught by the natives in pitfalls of similar 

 character constructed on the tracks leading to watercourses. This 

 trench is in a corresponding position with regard to a stream, and 

 it is suggested as possible that the trench may have been of human 

 origin. There is, however, no conclusive evidence elsewhere that 

 man was contemporary with Eiejihas meridionalis, which is charac- 

 teristic of the Pliocene Age. 



November 23rd, 1901.— J. E. Marr, Sc.D., F.E.S., 

 President, in the Chair. 



The following communication was read : — 



' On an Ossiferous Cavern of Pleistocene Age at Hoe-Grange 

 Quarry, Longcliff'e, near Brassington (Derbyshire).' By Henry 

 Howe Arnold-Bemrose, M.A., F.G.S. , and Edwin Tulley Newton, 

 F.li.S., Y.P.G.S. 



During quarrying-operations in Hoe-Grange limestone-quarry in 

 April 1002 the workmen broke into a cavern. The discovery waa 



