On the Bonin Island Samhar. 391 



Cape Verde), extends at least as far south as 12° IjO' S. lat. 

 In all probability Glossina palpal is Wellmani will eventually 

 be proved to exist right down to the Cunene River, the 

 southern boundary of Angola, if not further ; and it is to be 

 hoped that evidence to decide the southern limit of Gl. jyalpalis 

 will shortly be forthcomino-. 



In conclusion, it may be remarked tliat the British Museum 

 possesses two females of 01. palpalis from the Gambia 

 {Dr. J. E. Dufton), belonging to a form somewhat similar to 

 Wellmani', in the Gambia form, however, the ground-colour 

 of the abdomen is paler and the tliorax is less con3[)icuously 

 spotted. 



Lll. — The Bonin Island Samhar. 

 By R. Lydekker. 



The most northerly limit in the Pacific for deer of the 

 sambar group has been supj)0scd to be Formosa, from which 

 we have Cervus Siitnhoei,or, as I prefer to call it, C. unicolor 

 Sicinhoei. I have lately, however^ had the opportunity of 

 inspecting two specimens of sambar from Benin Island, 

 lying about one degree to the east-south-east of the southern 

 end of Japan. One specimen is the skull of a female 

 acquired by the late Mr. H. Seebohra in 18S9, and presented 

 by his executors to the British Museum in 18iJ6 (9G. 2. 28. •!). 

 The second is the skin, skull, and antlers of a male belonging 

 to Mr. Rotliscliild. 



That the Bonin deer is a sambar is shown not only by 

 Mr. Rothschild's specimen, but likewise by the female skull, 

 which exhibits the proximally expanded nasals, the deep 

 lachrymal pit, and the small auditory bulla characteristic of 

 that group. 



The lemale shull, which is fully adult and has a basal 

 length of 8| inches, indicates a species of the approximate 

 size of the dusky Philippine sambar (C. u. nigricans) y and 

 therefore much smaller than the Forraosan animal. Certain 

 details in the form and relations of the nasals and premaxillse 

 distinguish the Bonin skull from two specimens of that of 

 nigricans, but I have no means of ascertaining whether such 

 features are constant. Be this as it may, the Bonin sambar 

 ditiers from nigricans by the much lighter colour of the 

 under-parts and limbs, there being a sharp line of demarcation 

 between the brown of the back and the rufous fawn of the 



