GeoJo(jicaJ Societij. t:\d 



over the North Staffordshire field but in adjacent coalfie]d<>. The 

 known horizons at which marine fossila have been obtained arc the 

 following, given in descending order : — 



11. The roof of the Bay or Liuly Coal. 



10. The I'riorsllcld Tronsloiic-Aleasiires. 



9. The Speedwell and Netilehaiik Bed. 1 Below the Twist or 



8, The Floreiu-e Colliery-Band. J Gin-Mine Coal. 



7. Above the Moss Coal. 



(J. The roof of the Moss Canncl or Single 2-foot Coal. 



A. Above the 7-foot Banbury Coal. 



4. Beneath the 4-fof)t Coal of Cheadle. 



;_{. The Knypersley Band. 



2. Near the Crabtree Coal (three h(jrizons). 



And also I. The Weston-Spritdv Bed. 



A map of the distribution of these beds is given, each one is 

 described in detail, and a list of fossils found from the various 

 exposures is tabulated. The Speedwell and Nettlebank Bed appears 

 to be the most important marine bed in the eoallield ; it is remark- 

 ably rich in species and individuals, and occurs in the upper portion 

 of the true Coal-Measures. further, it proves the identity of tlie 

 Twist coal of the Norton area with the Gin Mine of Longton. 

 Lithologically, the marine beds are undistinguishable from the 

 beds with which they are interst rati tied ; but the fossils are 

 usually in a good state of preservation and not confined to one 

 particular bedding-plane ; the individuals are likewise numerous. 

 The marine moUusca are, however, sharply separated from the 

 freshwater forms, and no intermingling occurs. It is remarkable 

 that several of the marine shales immediately succeed the coal- 

 seams. A detailed table of the beds in North Staffordshire is 

 given, to show the exact position of the marine beds ; and then 

 several of the seams are traced into the Yorkshire, Lancashire, 

 South Staffordshire, and Coalbrookdale fields. This tracing 

 confirms the conclusion that the Hard Bed of Yorkshire is to 

 be correlated with the Bullion coal of Lancashire and the Crabtree 

 coal of North Staffordshire. Again, ' Green's marine bed ' at 

 Ashton-under-Lyme coincides with the Gin-Mine horizon of North 

 Staffordshire; and this, again, with the Pennystone of South 

 Staffordshire and Shropshire. Further, the marine beds indicate 

 the approximate identity of the Silkstone, Arley-Miue, and 

 Cockshead seams. A bibliography is appended. 



Dr. Hind, in his Notes on the Palaeontology, remarks that from 

 the base of the Pendleside Series to the top of the Coal-Measures 

 there is an unbroken succession of beds — at one time marine, at 

 another estuarine, without unconformity. The two faunas — one 

 ■with Carhonicola, Anthracomya, and Naiadites, the other with 

 Pterinopecten pnpyyaceus and cephalopoda — occur in irregular 

 alternations, the two faunas never mingling. The Author proceeds 

 to give notes on the occurrence of many of the species, and 

 descriptions of some of them, including examples not hitherto 

 known from Britain and one new to science. A table indicating 

 the distribution of the species throughout the cliief English Coal- 

 fields concludes the paper. 



