176 Canon A. M. Norman on 



structure of its cell-wall and other characters. MacGillivray 

 lias constituted the genus Jh'aniopora for its reception. It is 

 one of the forms which is attached by tubular fibres. 



[To be continued.] 



XXI. — On the Molluscan 6^enera Cjclostoma awe? Pomatias 

 and tlie Crinoid Genus Comaster and Family Comatulidas. 

 By the Rev. Canon A. M. Norman. 



It is not my habit to write for controversy, but for science's 

 sake, and I do not quite follow Mr. Newton when he says 

 ('Annals,' June 1891, p. 522) that my statement that I 

 thought he had " misapprehended the facts " betrays an 

 "amount of prejudice." One thing is certain: either he lias 

 " misa})prehended " the facts or I have done so. I merely 

 gave the facts opposing his views in my last notes, hoping 

 that this would suffice for my purpose, and not desiring to 

 point out too closely what 1 considered to be errors of state- 

 ment. It seems, however, now necessary to notice these. 

 I will therefore examine his arguments in detail. 



1. The opening words of his first paper (' Annals,' vol. vii. 

 p. 345) were " Much confusion has existed since Lamarckian 

 days regarding the Molluscan name of Cyclostomay There 

 was much confusion, I grant, in Lamarckian days; but it 

 would be difficult to find any genus which has received more 

 universal acceptance for ninety years than Gyclostoma (or 

 Cydostonms), with its type C. elegans. Confusion is only 

 introduced when Mr. Newton proposes to substitute Poniatias 

 for that time-honoured name. 



2. Mr. Newton argues that Lamarck described two different 

 genera which he named Gyclostoma. 



My reply is, Lamarck (as I showed in the' Annals' for May 

 last) did not describe two difiVrent genera named Gyclostoma. 

 His definition in 1799 was intended to cover every species 

 which he or other authors subsequently placed in it ; he gave 

 Turho scalaris as an example [type, as used in modern times, 

 was not then understood). Tlie subsequent limitations of the 

 genus were as follows : — 



1799. Gyclostoma, Lamarck. Gyclostoma scalaris. 



1801*. Gyclostoma, Lamarck ( = Lamarck, 1799, jiartim). 

 Gyclostoma delph in us. 



* In dofinition of fronus Ijnmnrck here adds the words " sans cotes lon- 

 gitudinales/' to restrict the gouus and exclude Turbo i<cat(tris {^ = Scalana). 



