276 Mr. K. Andersen on llipposiderus caffer 



Externally, the typical form is on an average smaller than 

 H. c. centralis, but the difference is practically far less well 

 marked than in the skulls. The following details illus- 

 trate the diflercnce in the length of! the forearm between 

 H. c. typicus on the one side, H. c. centralis and guineensis 

 (which for all practical purpose are identical in size) on the 

 other : — In 40 full-grown specimens of H. c. typicus 46*5- 

 51 "8 mm. J in 50 full-grown H. c. centralis and guineensis 

 48-538 ; thus, practically, for the discrimination of the 

 races, the measurement uf the forearm is far less rtliable than 

 the characters of the skull and teeth. But in tyiJicus tlie 

 average is 48"6, in centralis-guineensis 50 6. Of typicus only 

 ]0 percent., of centralis guineensis Go per ceut.. have the 

 forearm 50 mm. or more. — There is no fixed difference in 

 size between the sexes, neither in this race nor in the others. 



The colour of the fur in the ordinaiy dark phase is 

 markedly lighter than in H. c. centralis and guineensis: — 

 Back light ^' Front's brown,'"' this colour confined to the ti[)s 

 of the hairs ; base of hairs very light greyish " drab,'^ more 

 or less tinged with "ecru-drab/' as is also the upperside of 

 the head and neck and the whole of the underside ; base of 

 hairs of underside dark grey. — Young adults are still lighter 

 coloured: Back more approaching "hair-brown'^; head, 

 neck, base of hairs of the upperside, as well as the whole of 

 the exposed part of the underside, almost whitish grey ; base 

 of hairs of underside dark grey. 



Also the red phase is markedly lighter than in H. c. ctn^ 

 trails and guineensis : — Upperside throughout " orange- 

 rufous"; underside bet^Acen "orange-rufous" and "vina- 

 ceous-cinnamou." — In this, as in all races of H. caffer, there 

 are transitional stages between the dark phase and tlie red 

 phase. All the red specimens are fully adult individuals. 

 The red phase occurs both in males and females. 



43 specimens^ have been examined, from the following 

 localities :— Keren, Erythrea (.2 spcms., the types of Ph. bi- 

 cornis) ; El Obeid, Kordofau (1) t ; Et. Hall, Mt. Keuia, 

 British East Africa (2) ; El Dougo eb Urru, 415 miles up 

 the Mombasa-Uganda Railway, B. E. A. (1) ; Machakos, 

 B. E. A. (3) ; Kilimanjaro, German East Africa (2) ; 

 Ft. Johnston, Nyasa (2) * ; Shupanga, Lower Zambesi (5) § ; 



* Only the measurements of full-grown specimens are included in the 

 table below, p. 282. 



t Oldtield TJoiiias, P. Z. S. 1903, i. p. 295 : H. cafer. 



X Oldlield Thomas, P. Z. S. 1896, p. 791; H. caffer. 



§ J. Kirk, P. Z. S. 1864, p. 650: Ph. yracilis and rh. cafra. 



