TRAINING 119 



of the muscles and joints, in a word, there Avill be 

 neither o^ymnastic exercise nor impulsion. 



The start of the canter or gallop. — The importance 

 of the gallop makes it necessary that the rider should 

 know all about this pace ; because the way in which 

 horses commence it, keep it up, modify or leave it, 

 has a great influence on its execution. 



Besides this, the study of a complicated movement, 

 which calls upon all the knowledge of the rider, and 

 finally upon the absolute obedience of the horse, gives 

 the opportunity for applying to a concrete case the 

 principles laid down in training, and for showing in 

 detail the role and value of the aids. To analyse 

 completely the start of the canter, is to make a 

 synthesis of all the training, and to show by the study 

 of one movement, how all the rest can be obtained. 



The horse, when at liberty, starts the gallop in 

 several different ways. As a general rule, he begins 

 this pace according to the causes that make it neces- 

 sary, at one time by a slight loss of balance, produced 

 by his throwing his weight forward, at another time, 

 by his throwing back the weight of the forehand on 

 to the quarters, that is to say, by bringing his hind legs 

 under the body and balancing himself. 



When mounted he acts in the same way, when a 

 cause, out of the control of the rider, starts him into 

 a gallop (a chck of the tongue, the whip, or fear). 



When the rider wishes to start his horse into a 

 gallop by command of the aids, it is necessary to take 

 into consideration, when making choice of his means, 

 the effects which the hand and the legs may produce, 

 since according to his state of training, the horse may 

 only understand a part of the effects of the aids. 



In order to make the horse understand that the 



