TRAINING 127 



merely attempts to shy off ; or by the eiierfrctic use 

 of the indirect rein, if he tlu'ows his shoulder vi^^orously 

 out of the hne ; und by pressing him strongly forward 

 at the same time with the legs. 



In the second case, that is to say if the horse refuses 

 by throwing his quarters out, for instance, to the left, 

 the rider will use the lateral aids, and place the horse 

 on the left shoulder in (left indirect rein of opposition 

 and left leg), and will thus press back the quarters into 

 the right direction. It is true that the horse's head 

 is placed in the direction to which he wishes to turn, 

 but, under the action of the left rein and leg, the whole 

 body is forced towards the right. The rider will 

 straighten his horse again at the last moment, and 

 the impulsion, stimulated by the rein on the side, 

 of the inside shoulder, combined with the energetic 

 use of the legs, drives the horse freely at the jump. 



All the defences which have just been analysed arc 

 always preceded, at one moment or another, by a 

 sudden abandonment of the hand by the horse, who 

 profits by this moment of liberty to take the position 

 he prefers for resistance. 



The rider when approaching a jump should, there- 

 fore, always attentively feel with his seat and legs the 

 movements of the hindquarters, the seat of impulsion, 

 and keep the reins stretched, so as not to lose contact 

 with the mouth and keep in close touch with his horse. 



