134 CAVALRY HORSEMANSHIP 



commencement of the breaking, but also every time 

 that the horse resists the other effects of the reins. 



In order that this turning may have its full effect 

 it is of the greatest importance not to annul, by a 

 premature intervention of the regulating rein, the 

 action of the rein which determines the turn ; one 

 should, therefore, at the start, yield freely the opposite 

 rein. 



The turn with the indirect rein and the two legs 

 is also a turn whilst going forward. The weight of the 

 neck inclines the horse to the new direction, towards 

 which the two legs press him : it is the turn most 

 usually employed when riding in the open. It is also 

 the only one which the rider who holds his reins in one 

 hand is able to make use of. As in the preceding turn, 

 it is necessary, in order that the rein which determines 

 the movement may have its full effect and power, that 

 the regulating rein be slack at first, so as not to inter- 

 fere with the position which the horse's nose should 

 take under the influence of the direct rein. When 

 riding with one hand, the slackening of the outside rein, 

 moreover, takes effect automatically. 



2. The short turn, which the rider makes use of 

 when he is forced to change his direction quickly, or 

 when he has not much spare room, can be obtained 

 either by a lateral or diagonal effect. The lateral 

 effect (right direct rein of opposition and right leg) 

 draws the shoulders to the right, and turns the quarters 

 more or less sharj^ly to the left : the horse turns his 

 head to the right whilst at the same time slackening his 

 speed. This turning is of general use during the 

 training, it gives a short but energetic exercise to the 

 spinal column, to the shoulders, and to the quarters. 

 It is equally this movement which enables the rider to 



