PULMONARY INCRUSTATIONS 400 



After a time, however, calcium salts may be deposited, and Dunin" has observed 

 deposits resembling gouty tophi that were merely calcium salts. 



Pneumonokoniosis 



In a number of cases of the different forms of this con(htion quan- 

 titative anal3'-ses have been made, which may be briefly discussed as 

 follows: Not only docs the lung of every adult contain considerable 

 amounts of coal-pigment stored up in the connective tissues (and also 

 in the peribronchial glands), but also, which is perhaps less generally 

 appreciated, considerable quantities of sihcates are also present (chal- 

 icosis) from inhaled dust. Woskressensky^^ found silicates in all of 

 54 lungs examined, except two from infants. The lungs of individ- 

 uals whose occupations do not expose them especially to dust inhala- 

 tion contain increasing amounts of silicates in direct proportion to 

 age; the silicates constitute then from 3.5 to 10 per cent, of the total 

 ash of the lungs. There is always a larger proportion of silicates 

 in the peribronchial glands than in the lungs, constituting from 6 to 

 36 per cent, of the ash, corresponding with Arnold's observation that 

 in gold-beaters the glands contain more metal than the lungs. In 

 stone-workers Schmidt found a higher proportion of Si02 in the lungs 

 than in the glands. In normal adults the amount of coal-pigment 

 is greater than the amount of silicates; in children the reverse is the 

 case. 



ThoreP® reports that the lungs of a worker in soapstone contained 

 3.25 per cent, of ash, including 2.43 per cent, of soapstone. 



In siderosis iron has been found in the lungs in proportions varying 

 from 0.5 per cent, to 7.9 per cent, of the dry weight, the last amount 

 having been found by Langguth" in the lungs of an iron miner, which 

 contained also 11.92 per cent, of Si02. 



An analysis of a lung from a knife-grinder is reported b}'' Hoden- 

 pyl^ss which gave the following results: Total weight of dried and 

 powdered lung, 48.1009 grams; total solids, 44.7986; ether-soluble 

 substance, 14.6017. Composition of the ether-soluble substance: free 

 fatty acids, 7.498; neutral fats, 4.044; cholesterol, 3.037. Proteins, 

 15.4759; charcoal (total carbon less protein carbon), 7.198; ash, 

 4.2903. The composition of the ash (in grams) was as follows: K2O, 

 0.2167; NaaO, 0.3523; CaO, 0.0965; Fe20„ 0.0879; AI2O3, 1.4628; 

 SO3, 0.0704; P2O5, 0.9565; Si02, 1.2043. The amount of emery, rep- 

 resented by the oxides of aluminum and silicon made up more than 

 one-half of the ash, and the iron constituted about one-fourth. The 

 man had worked at the trade of knife-grinder for about fifteen years. 



" Mitt. Grenzgeb. Med. u. Chir., 1905 (14), 451; also Kahn, Arch. Int. Med.^ 

 1913 (11), 92, and M. B. Schmidt, Deut. med. Woch., 1913 (39), 59. 

 " C^.ot. f. Path.. 1898 (9), 296. 

 58 Ziegler's Beitr., 1896 (20), 85. 

 " Deut. Arch. klin. Med., 1895 (55), 255. 

 '« Medical Record, 1899 (56), 942. 



