ALBUMOSURIA 577 



acids do not cause a fall of blood pressure, nor do polypeptids.^^ 

 Proteoses have little if any power to stimulate antibody formation 

 (see Antigens, Chap. vii). Whipple'- has described the isolation of 

 highly toxic proteoses from the contents of closed intestinal loops, 

 and injection of these proteoses causes a marked increase in nitrogen 

 elimination, presumably from toxicogenic destruction of tissue pro- 

 teins. With this is a great increase in the non-protein nitrogen of the 

 blood, partly due to renal injury. He also observed an increased 

 resistance of the animals to these proteoses after repeated injections. 

 "Albumosuria."^^ — If proteoses enter the blood stream they ap- 

 pear in large part in the urine, indicating that the tissues do not read- 

 ily utilize them in this forni.^-' Consequently, when proteoses are pro- 

 duced in considerable amounts by autolysis of pathological tissues 

 they appear in the urine, and their presence is considered to be of diag- 

 nostic value. ^^ True peptone seems rarely, and according to many 

 observers never, to appear in the urine; but in view of the observa- 

 tions that polypeptids often appear in the urine, ^^ it is probable that 

 true peptones also do. Albumoses, therefore, may be found in the 

 urine whenever any considerable amount of tissue or exudate is being 

 autolyzed and absorbed, and it has been found in the following con- 

 ditions: Suppuration of all kinds; resolution of pneumonia; involu- 

 tion of the puerperal uterus; carcinoma (tw^o-thirds of all cases — -Ury 

 and Lihenthal), and other mahgnant growths; febrile conditions with 

 tissue destruction (37.5 per cent, of all cases, Morawitz and 

 Dietschy);!^ acute yellow atrophy, phosphorus poisoning, and eclamp- 

 sia; leukemia, especially under x-ray treatment; absorption of simple 

 and inflammatory exudates; ulcerating pulmonary tuberculosis,^^ and 

 after tubercuhn reactions (Deist). ^^ Albumosuria is present in small- 

 pox and may serve in differential diagnosis. -° In ulcerative condi- 

 tions of the ahmentary canal albumoses may be absorbed unchanged 

 and cause alimentary albumosuria. The normal kidney seems to be 

 impermeable to the small amounts of proteose that may be present nor- 

 mally in the blood, or even after large oral ingestion of proteoses, but 

 in parenchymatous nephritis it may escape in the urine (Henderson, ^i 

 Pollak).i3 



" Haliburton, ibid., 1905 (32), 174. 



12 Jour. Exp. Med., 1917 (25), 461; 1918 (28), 213; 1918 (29) 397. 



13 Critical review given by PoIIak, Zeit. exp. Med., 1914 (2), 314. 



" They may be partly hydrolyzed into smaller complexes, however, pnmary 

 proteoses being partly changed to deutero-proteoses, and the latter partly to 

 peptones (Chittenden, Mendel, and Henderson, Amer. Jour. Physiol., 1899 (2), 

 142). 



i» See Yarrow, Amer. Med., 1903 (5), 452; Ury and Lilienthal, Arch. f. Ver- 

 dauungskr., 1905 (11), 72; Senator, International Clinics, 1905 (4, senes 14), 85. 



'« Chodat and Kummer, Biochem. Zeit., 1914 (65), 392. 



" Arch. f. exp. Path. u. Pharm., 1905 (54), 88. 



18 See Parkinson, Practitioner, 1906 (76), 219. 



1' Beitr. z. klin. Tuberk., 1912 (23), 547. 



2" Primavera, Gaz. Int. Med. e Chir., 1913, No. 10. 



21 Lancet, Mar. 6, 1909. 



37 



