244 MARTINGALES. 



FEET. INCHES. 



Snaflfle or bridoon reins, length 4 . . lo 



Snaffle or bridoon reins, width . . % 



Curb-rein, length 4 . . 10 



Curb-rein, width ' . . ^ 



Reins for a woman's bridle, width . . Yz 



MARTINGALES. 



Martingales are of two forms, the standing and the 

 running. The former consists of a piece of narrow leather 

 at one end of which is a loop through which the broader of 

 the two saddle-girths passes ; at the other end a ring is 

 sewed to which the ends of the neck-strap are attached. 

 This latter strap usually has a buckle for adjusting the 

 length, and is frequently made with a ring, separating the 

 strap on both sides of the withers, for attaching the neck- 

 strap to the saddle by short loop straps coming from the D's 

 on the sides of the saddle. From the ring in the neck-strap 

 at the breast is an adjustable loop, which extends either to 

 the under part of the nose-band, or is split and has billets 

 or snap hooks on the end by which it is attached to the bit. 

 The running martingale (see Figs. 112 and 113) differs from 

 the standing in that a piece of leather, with a buckle at the 

 free end, is sewed into the ring of the neck-strap, and at- 

 tached to a piece of narrow, split leather at the ends of 

 which are sewed rino^s that take the snafifle-rein. The buck- 

 les and rings of the martingale are either plated or leather 

 covered. They should match those of the bridle. 



Regarding the purpose and the effect of martingales. 

 Captain M. H. Hayes says: 



" The standing martingale is attached to the nose-band ; or its billets 

 at each side may be fixed to the snaffle rings. The latter form is a very use- 



