450 ANTI-SLIPPING SHOES AND SHARPENED SHOES. 



horse with heavier shoes than necessary. Therefore, the horse should be 

 shod with new shoes every month. 



" Shoes, if properly fitted, and if resting on a sound unrasped crust, 

 should not require to be removed during a month. The nails, however, 

 should be frequently examined, and any that are faulty should be replaced." 

 — Sir F. Fitzwygram, '^^ Horses and Stables,^' p. 48J. 



ANTI-SLIPPING SHOES. 



In cities where the streets are asphalted 

 it is the common practice to use shoes 

 made with rubber bearings. These shoes 

 are constructed in various forms, but 

 aside from those designs which cover the 

 entire surface of the bottom of the foot, 

 any one of the many patent shoes answers 

 the purpose fairly well. (See Fig. 214.) The sole and frog 

 should not be covered, and if it is found necessary to inter- 

 pose a leather pad between the hoof and the shoe to lessen 

 the concussion, the leather should be cut away close to the 

 inside of the shoe. 



SHARPENED SHOES FOR SNOW. 



When the ground is frozen or covered with snow the 

 horse's shoes should have a toe and heel point. The calking 

 in front should be the same length as those at the heels, so 

 that the foot is kept level. These points soon wear down on 

 bare, frozen ground, and they should be resharpened at fre- 

 quent intervals. It is often found necessary to use calking 

 boots in the stable to prevent the horse from injuring the 

 hoof by standing with the prongs of one shoe on the wall of 

 the other hoof. The only effective means of preventing a 

 horse from " balling," /. e., packing the snow in hard lumps 



