CHAPTER XXXI 



EVOLUTION — ENVIRONMENT AND NUTRITION 



Mambrino was a gray horse, bred by John Atkin- 

 son of Scholes, near Leeds, England, and foaled in 

 1768. He was by Engineer (son of Sampson), dam 

 by Old Cade; second dam by the Duke of Bolton's 

 gray horse, Little John, son of Old Partner. He 

 passed from Mr. Atkinson to Lord Grosvenor, and 

 won his first race at Newmarket in 1773, beating 

 the Duke of Kingston's Croney by Careless, two 

 miles, 105 yards. He also defeated, at Newmarket 

 in 1773, the good race horse, Florizel by Herod. 

 He raced up to 1779, when he fell lame while run- 

 ning in the Craven Stakes, and was retired to the 

 stud. He was a horse of substance and lofty style, 

 and is at the foundation of some of the finest coach 

 horses produced in England. Mambrina, chestnut 

 mare foaled in 1785, and by Mambrino, dam sister 

 to Naylor's Sally, was imported into South Carolina 

 in 1787, and among her produce was Eliza by imp. 

 Bedford. Bred to Sir Archy, Eliza produced Ber- 

 trand and Pacific, celebrated in the stud. Gray 

 Eagle, who ran four-mile heats, and whose blood 

 is a factor in trotting pedigrees, was by Bertrand. 



Messenger, a gray horse foaled in 1780, by Mam- 

 brino, dam by Turf; second dam sister to Figurante 



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