44 WOOD-USING INDUSTRIES OF SOUTH CAROLINA. 



The turpentine output of South Carolina has been declining 

 for a good many years, and there is no prospect that it 

 increase, because the virgin pine forests have been la 

 depleted by turpentining and by lumbering. Orcharding i 

 carried on, 1 r, to a limited cxu-m. Formerly no one 



thought it worth while to box any except mature trees; now 

 poles as small as three inches in diameter are bled. 



The quality of the wood probably is impaired very little by 

 moderate turpentining; but there can be no two opinions as to 

 the injury done the living trees by excessive turpentining under 

 the old style boxing method. Though the tree may live long 

 it must finally succumb if not to pathological influences, 

 to physical injury due directly or indirectly to the turpentining 

 process. The conditions of old, abandoned orchards are proofs 

 of this; the standing timber is in all stages of damage and death, 

 and prostrate logs lie criss-crossed in hopeless confusion. Such' 

 formerly was the typical condition when lumbermen did not, as 

 now, follow the turpentine operators. 



Improved methods of orcharding have come into use. Instead 

 of cutting deep notches in the trees for collecting and he tiding 

 the resin, it has been found that an earthen pot or a galva 

 iron trough, fastened beneath a slight wound in the trunk, will 

 collect the resin and greatly lessen the injury to the trunk. 

 Reforms, however, come in slowly, and the new "cup-atid-giv 

 and "apron" methods have not yet gained much foothold in 

 South Carolina. The greatest yield of turpentine is near the 

 coast. Statistics of output have not been compiled since 1909. 

 That year the State produced 460,000 gallons of turpentine. 

 valued at $205,000; and 15,000 barrels of resin, equal to 3,080,000 

 pounds, valued at $199,000. South Carolina produces a little 

 more than \ l / 2 per cent, of the naval stores supply of the Ui 

 States. The values of the spirits of turpentine and rosin in the 

 leading naval stores States in 1909 were as follows: Florida, 

 $11,905,000; Georgia, $6,929,000; Alabama, $2,468,000; M 

 sippi. $1,572,000; Louisiana, $1,379,000; North Can >lina, $711,- 

 000; South Carolina, $404,000; total, $25,231,000. 



COOPERAGE 



lit cooperage consists of barrels and kegs of h-1d- 



lack cooperage is for dry article^. No ti-lii < 



ired in South Carolina and the prndurti<m of 



