INSECTS DIAGRAM 6. 



107 



j. i. Neck. 

 ff- Eye. 



d. Antenna. 

 Ti.f. Forehead. 

 c. Palpus. 



a. Mandible. 



b. Labiuin. 



e. Epistoma. 



resembles that of 

 vertebrates ; there is 

 never a movable 

 lower jaw. The 

 mouth of a insect 

 can be well exam- 

 ined in a large green 

 grasshopper. We 

 shall then see that 

 Mouth of Insect. the jaws, or mandibles 



as they are called, move laterally ; they are situated to the right 

 and left, and open and shut sideways, to seize or crush their 

 food, instead of moving up and down. All the articulata which 

 are provided with jaws have them lateral. But all insects are 



far from having the mouth 

 constructed like that of a 

 grasshopper. Many have in 

 the place of mandibles, a 

 proboscis with which they 

 pierce the skin of men and 

 animals ; such as the gadflies, 

 the bugs, and flies. It is 

 Head of Fly, magnified, enough to look at a fly rest- 

 ing on a piece of meat or sugar, to see that it has, instead of a 

 mouth, a proboscis with which it embibes its food. Butterflies 

 have also a long rolled-up proboscis, which they unfold to plunge 

 to the bottom of flowers, in order to suck up the nectar. On 

 each side of the mouth or proboscis, insects have a second pair 

 of antennas much smaller, and called palpi. They are very well 

 seen in the grasshopper. 



The eyes of insects and other articulated animals are not 

 formed like those of vertebrata. They have neither pupil nor 

 crystalline lens. We see when we look at the eye of an insect, 

 only a convex surface, looking as if polished, and with a peculiar 

 lustre, which is sometimes reddish, as in the flies, or greenish, 



a. Neck. 



b. Eye. 



c. d. Antennce. 

 h. Palpus. 

 e... Trunk. 



