290 THE MOUNTAIN. 



peculiar in his instincts and habitudes, not juvenile but 

 apparently senile, showing the tendency of some of his co- 

 temporaries of the lower animal world to vanish from the 

 earth ; unallied to other races, unprolific, unfitted to civili- 

 zation and progress, he seems like the deer and the beaver, 

 the elk and the wolf, destined to extermination. He has 

 left scarcely any traces of himself in the mountains of Penn- 

 sylvania, or any record that he has ever been there. The 

 Indian graveyards, somewhat numerous in the valleys of the 

 State, that are now rich agricultural districts, are scarcely 

 met with on the mountain ranges at all. Perhaps these 

 valleys were better original hunting-grounds, and more 

 thickly peopled by the red man and the animals upon which 

 he fed, which accounts for the greater number of relics of 

 him being left in those localities than elsewhere. His pre- 

 sent successor is a different order of man, coming from the 

 mixed varieties of another style of immortals, the now domi- 

 nant Anglo-American race becoming prominent in history 

 for its energy, sharpness, lawlessness, go-a-headism, and 

 general diabolism, 



He is the issue of numberless fusions or crosses of diver- 

 sified varieties of the great typical Caucasian form, the pre- 

 dominating mixture being that of Teutone and Celt. In the 

 range of mountainous counties there is a variety in this mix- 

 ture. In the southwestern part of the chain in the State of 

 Pennsylvania there is a preponderance of the Teutonic ele- 

 ment. The middle portion of the range shows an excess of 

 Celt. The northeastern continuation brings in again the Teu- 

 tone as the prevailing variety. A critical observation of the 

 results brought about by human efforts in the reclamation of 

 these mountain ranges from the dominion of savage nature, 

 will discover the characteristic features of each variety, as 

 revealed by the condition of the surface : roads and fields, 

 ditches and fence-rows, houses and churches, bridges and 

 barns, and demonstrate the prevailing material and spiritual 

 forces at work in the industrial operations of those regions. 



As the mountains reveal an excess of the mineral ele- 



