386 THE MOUNTAIN. 



SEMOTILUS atro-maculatus. The spotted shiner is one 

 of the commonest " chubs." He flourishes every place on 

 the mountain range. 



EDOGLOSSUM masilingua. The wry-mouth dace is abund- 

 ant on the mountain. 



ETHEOSTOMA. (?) Darter. One species of this genus is 

 found on the mountain. 



Family ESOCID^E. 



Esox estor, (Les.) Pike, pickerel, muskellunge. Length, 

 one to three, or nearly four feet. 



Esox reticulatus, (Les.) Common pike. Length, one 

 to two feet. Range, Eastern and Middle States, "being 

 abundant in the waters of the Ohio River." Of the pike or 

 pickerel family, the streams which flow from the mountain 

 are supposed to have but this one species. It is rarely found 

 high in the mountains, and never in the small spring-runs near 

 their summits. Lower down, on both sides of the Alleghany 

 range, where the streams are larger and there are natural and 

 artificial pools, it is found of a large size. This seems to 

 be one of the causes of the brook-trout pushing its residence 

 to the smaller streams and springs, rather than remain 

 in the lower larger waters to be devoured by pikes and 

 perches. This is the species said to be common " through- 

 out the United States except in extreme Western and 

 Southern waters," extending from New England to the 

 western limits of Pennsylvania, and found in every river, 

 pond, and streamlet. It is represented not to grow larger than 

 from six to seven pounds, although it is at the same time 

 alleged that individuals have been taken weighing sixteen 

 pounds. It has been also stated that the two large species, 

 the Esox estor and Esox lucioides, are not found in any 

 other part of the continent except the great lakes and 

 waters of the St. Lawrence Basin. These fish, especially 

 the Esox estor, grow to an immense size ; by Dr. Richard- 

 son said to be often twenty-eight pounds. From the dimen- 

 sions of some described by Dr. Dekay, more than four feet 



