INVERTEBRATA. 395 



The very imperfect catalogue of the first great division of 

 the animal kingdom, the Anamalia vertebrata, or verte- 

 brated animals, having occupied so much space, it has be- 

 come necessary to postpone, for the present, any recitation 

 of the Invertebrata. This is to be regretted, as it is a most 

 interesting department of nature, full of suggestions to the 

 contemplative mind, and fraught with never-failing attrac- 

 tions to the scientific observer. The mountain is furnished 

 with a goodly array of species of invertebrates, the cata- 

 logue of which will be published in another form at an- 

 other time. 



A few words on each separate department of this great 

 division of animals must suffice for the present. And first, 

 of Malacology, and the relationship of the Mollusca to the 

 preceding division of vertebrates, and the world. 



Condensed from the illustrious Cuvier, the Mollusk stands, 

 anatomically, thus, No articulated skeleton, or vertebral 

 canal ; nervous system not united in brain and cord, but 

 in nervous masses in different parts of the body, principal 

 of which called brain, surrounds the oesophagus ; organs of 

 sensation and motion not uniform as in vertebrates ; viscera 

 more irregular, even in structure, as heart and respiratory 

 organs ; some respire air, others water, salt and fresh ; ex- 

 ternal and locomotive organs generally on two sides of an 

 axis ; circulation double ; blood white or bluish, with little 

 fibrine ; veins are absorbents ; muscles attached to skin, result- 

 ing in harder tissues ; motions, contractions, inflexions, are 

 " prolongations of different parts" thus, creeping, swimming, 

 seizing ; no levers, or articulations in limbs ; move slowly, 

 and never per saltum ; irritability great, even when di- 

 vided ; skin naked, covered with secretion ; no olfactories. 

 Acephala, Brachiopoda, Cirrhopoda, some Gasteropoda and 

 Pteropoda have no eyes. Cephalopoda have them, also or- 

 gans of hearing, and something like brain in a cartilaginous 

 box ; most have a folding of skin, i.e. mantle, sometimes a 

 disk, pipe, sac, fin. Naked mollusks have mantles, mem- 

 branous or fleshy, most have laminae of harder substances in 



