PAN. 



It was surely wise and well not to neglect, or leave en- 

 tirely out of the councils of Olympus, even the smallest con- 

 cerns of the world, to the last details of things ; the mean 

 and vulgar (these words have no defamatory significance 

 or meaning in the science of matter and organization, but 

 in sentiment and morals they have,) holding as actual ex- 

 istence as the elegant and divine, must be represented as 

 departments under the jurisdiction of the pantheon of the 

 gods. The great and imposing forms of matter, their laws 

 and relations, would naturally suggest grand and dignified 

 deities, as kingly Zeus, (Jupiter,*) "ruler of the heavens 

 and upper regions, and father of gods and men;" queenly 

 and motherly goddess of the earth, Gaea or Ge, "per- 

 sonification of the earth;" terrible god of the ocean, Nep- 

 tunus, (Poseidon;) or gloomy "pater Tartarus" Pluto, god 

 of infernal regions ; but that all the kingdoms of being 

 shall be ruled, including the forlorn abominations of the 

 world, there must be supernals of less degree, humble and 

 lowly deities. Hence the number of "beastly divinities and 

 droves of gods" infesting the purlieus of the celestial moun- 

 tain. It must also be a law and appear as a necessity that 

 each Olympian should carry with him some prestige of his 

 personality and power, and be announced without herald; 



the jrest of mankind. In all things, then, it behooves us, of course 

 with great caution and circumspection, gravity and decorum, to pro- 

 ceed on our "own hooks"; and every man being his own philoso- 

 pher, philologist, mythologist, and spiritual factotum, let him read 

 the myths and scriptures of the dreamy and poetical races with what- 

 ever spectacles he sees proper to put on his nose, or read them, if he 

 pleases, or can, without 'specks' at all. One thing he must do or die, 

 as a rational being stick to the verdicts of the private judgment in all 

 his readings, thinking precisely what he pleases ; or must, by the fatal 

 laws of his constitution, of letter and spirit, internal, external mean- 

 ing primordial idea, or consequent material symbol, Boodh, Jupiter, 

 Juno, Mars, Venus, Atlas, Esculapius, Hygeia, Antaeus, and Pan." 

 Robert Smith's Critique on Cicero's "De Natura Deorum" chap. xii. 

 page 405. 



* "The eagle, the oak, and the summits of mountains were sacred 

 to this god." 



