108 PROSERPINA. 



12. " The name of Labiate flower is given to a single- 

 petaled flower which, beneath, is attenuated into a tube, 

 and above is expanded into a lip, which is either single 

 or double. It is proper to a labiate flower, first, that 

 it has a one-leaved calyx (at calycem habeat unifolium\ 

 for the most part tubulated, or reminding one of a paper 

 hood (cucullum papyraceum) ; and, secondly, that its 

 pistil ripens into a fruit consisting of four seeds, which 

 ripen in the calyx itself, as if in their own seed vessel, 

 by which a labiate flower is distinguished from a per- 

 sonate one, whose pistil becomes a capsule far divided 

 from the calyx (a calyce longe divisam). And a labiate 

 flower differs from rotate, or bell-shaped flowers, which 

 have four seeds, in that the lips of a labiate flower have 

 a gape like the face of a goblin, or ludicrous mask, emu- 

 lous of animal form." 



13. This class is then divided into four sections. 



In the first, the upper lip is helmeted, or hooked 

 "galeatum est, vel falcatum," 



In the second, the upper lip is excavated like a spoon 

 " cochlearis in star est excavatum." 



In the third the upper lip is erect. 



And in the fourth there is no upper lip at all. 



The reader will, I hope, forgive me for at once reject- 

 ing a classification of lipped plants into three classes that 

 have lips, and one that has none, and in which the lips 

 of those that have got any, are like helmets and spoons. 



Linnaeus, in 1758, grouped the family into two divi- 



